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Hunter Biden
Biden at the Center for Strategic & International Studies in 2013
Vice Chairman of the National Railroad Passenger Corporation
In office
July 26, 2006 – January 29, 2009
President
Succeeded byDonna McLean
Personal details
Born
Robert Hunter Biden

(1970-02-04) February 4, 1970 (age 54)
Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
Spouses
  • Kathleen Buhle
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1993; div. 2017)​
  • Melissa Cohen
    ​
    ​
    (m. 2019)​
Children5
Parents
RelativesBiden family
Education
Occupation
  • Lawyer
  • Investor
Military service
Allegiance United States
Branch/service United States Navy
Years of service2013–2014
Rank Ensign
UnitUnited States Navy Reserve

Robert Hunter Biden (born February 4, 1970) is an American lawyer who is the second son of U.S. President Joe Biden and his first wife, Neilia Hunter Biden. Biden is also a hedge fund, venture capital, and private-equity fund investor who formerly worked as a lobbyist, banker, public administration official, and registered lobbyist-firm attorney.

Biden served on the board of Burisma Holdings, one of the largest private natural gas producers in Ukraine, from 2014 until his term expired in April 2019. Since the early months of 2019, Biden and his father have been the subjects of unevidenced claims of corrupt activities in a Biden–Ukraine conspiracy theory pushed by then-U.S. President Donald Trump and his allies, concerning Hunter Biden's business dealings in Ukraine and Joe Biden's anti-corruption efforts there on behalf of the United States during the time he was vice president.[1] United States intelligence community analysis released in March 2021 found that proxies of Russian intelligence promoted and laundered misleading or unsubstantiated narratives about the Bidens "to US media organizations, US officials, and prominent US individuals, including some close to former President Trump and his administration".[2][3]

In April 2021, Biden published a memoir discussing his struggles with addiction, titled Beautiful Things.

Early life

Further information: Biden family

Biden was born on February 4, 1970,[4] in Wilmington, Delaware. He is the second son of Neilia Biden (née Hunter) and Joe Biden.[5] Hunter Biden's mother and younger sister Naomi were killed in an automobile crash on December 18, 1972.[6][7] Biden and his older brother Beau were also seriously injured.[5] Hunter and Beau later encouraged their father to marry again[8] and Jill Jacobs became their stepmother in 1977.[5] Biden's half-sister Ashley was born in 1981.[9]

Like his father and brother, Biden attended Catholic high school Archmere Academy in Claymont, Delaware.[5] He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in History from Georgetown University in 1992.[5] During the year after he graduated from college, he served as a Jesuit volunteer at a church in Portland, Oregon, and met Kathleen Buhle, whom he married in 1993.[5] After attending Georgetown University Law Center for one year, he transferred to Yale Law School and graduated in 1996.[5]

Early career

After graduating from law school in 1996, Biden accepted a position at the bank holding company MBNA, a major contributor to his father's political campaigns.[5] By 1998, Biden had risen to the rank of executive vice president.[5][10] He then left to serve at the United States Department of Commerce until 2001, focusing on ecommerce policy for President Bill Clinton's administration.[11] Biden then became a lobbyist, co-founding the firm of Oldaker, Biden & Belair.[12] According to Adam Entous of The New Yorker, Biden and his father established a relationship in which "Biden wouldn't ask Hunter about his lobbying clients, and Hunter wouldn't tell his father about them."[5]

Hunter Biden was appointed to a five-year term on the board of directors of Amtrak by President George W. Bush in 2006.[13] Biden was the board's vice chairman from July 2006 until 2009; he resigned in January 2009,[14][15] shortly after his father became vice president. Biden said during his father's vice-presidential campaign that it was time for his lobbying activities to end.[5]

Investor and lobbyist

Biden with his father and step-mother in 2021

Biden is a capital investments professional with an interest in funding early-stage natural resource extraction and technology companies.[citation needed] In 2006, Biden and his uncle James Biden purchased international hedge fund Paradigm Global Advisors; Hunter was interim CEO of the fund[16] for five years, until 2011.[17] In September 2008, Biden launched a consultancy company named Seneca Global Advisors that offered to help companies expand into foreign markets.[18] Biden, Devon Archer, and Christopher Heinz founded the investment and advisory firm Rosemont Seneca Partners in 2009.[12] He also co-founded venture capital firm Eudora Global.[9] He held the position of counsel in the law firm Boies Schiller Flexner LLP in 2014.[5] Biden was on the board of directors of World Food Program USA, a 501(c)(3) charity based in Washington, D.C. that supports the work of the UN World Food Programme from 2011 to 2017; he served as board chairman from 2011 to 2015.[19]

In December 2020, Biden made a public announcement via his attorney that his tax affairs are under federal criminal investigation.[20][21] The New York Times and CNN, citing sources familiar with the investigation, described the investigation as having started in late 2018 and being related to potential violations of tax and money laundering laws and his business dealings in foreign countries, principally China.[20][21] The Wall Street Journal reported that Biden had provided legal and consulting services that generated foreign-earned income, citing a Senate Republicans' report that says millions of dollars in wire transfers from entities linked to Chinese energy tycoon Ye Jianming were paying for such services.[22] The New York Times reported that according to people familiar with the inquiry, FBI investigators had been unable to establish sufficient evidence for a prosecution of potential money laundering crimes, including after the seizure of a laptop purportedly belonging to Biden, and so the investigation progressed onto tax issues.[21][23][24]

BHR Partners

Main article: BHR Partners

From 2013 to 2020, Biden served as a member of the board of the China-based private equity fund BHR Partners, of which he acquired a 10% stake in 2017 at a discount.[25][22] The founders of BHR Partners included Biden's Rosemont Seneca Partners investment firm (20% equity), along with US-based Thornton Group LLC (10% equity) and two asset managers registered in China.[26][27][18] The Chinese-registered asset managers are the Bank of China (via BOC International Holdings-backed Bohai Industrial Investment Fund Management) and Deutsche Bank-backed Harvest Fund Management.[28] The BHR Partners fund invests Chinese venture capital into tech startups like an early-stage investment in Chinese car hailing app DiDi and cross-border acquisitions, in automotive and mining, such as the purchase of a stake in Democratic Republic of Congo copper and cobalt producer Tenke Fungurume Mining.[29][30]

In September 2019, while President Trump was accusing Hunter Biden of malfeasance in Ukraine, he also falsely claimed that Biden "walk[ed] out of China with $1.5 billion in a fund" and earned "millions" of dollars from the BHR deal.[31][32] Trump publicly called upon China to investigate Hunter Biden's business activities there while his father was vice president.[33][34] Hunter Biden announced on October 13, 2019 his resignation from the board of directors for BHR Partners, effective at the end of the month, citing "the barrage of false charges" by then-U.S. President Trump.[35][36] According to his lawyer, Biden had "not received any compensation for being on BHR's board of directors" nor had he received any return on his equity share in BHR.[37] Biden's lawyer George Mesires told The Washington Post that BHR Partners had been "capitalized from various sources with a total of 30 million RMB [Chinese Renminbi], or about $4.2 million, not $1.5 billion".[31]

Burisma Holdings

See also: Biden–Ukraine conspiracy theory and Trump–Ukraine scandal

Biden joined the board of Burisma Holdings owned by Ukrainian oligarch and former politician Mykola Zlochevsky, who was facing a money laundering investigation just after the Ukrainian revolution, in April 2014.[5][38][39][40] Biden was hired to help Burisma with corporate governance best practices, while still an attorney with Boies Schiller Flexner, and a consulting firm in which Biden is a partner was also retained by Burisma.[41][42][43] Christopher Heinz, John Kerry's stepson, opposed his partners Devon Archer and Hunter Biden joining the board in 2014 due to the reputational risk.[39] Biden served on the board of Burisma until his term expired in April 2019,[42] receiving compensation of up to $50,000 per month in some months.[42][41] Because Joe Biden played a major role in U.S. policy towards Ukraine, some Ukrainian anti-corruption advocates[44][45] and Obama administration officials expressed concern that Hunter Biden having joined the board could create the appearance of a conflict of interest and undermine Joe Biden's anti-corruption work in Ukraine.[5][39] While serving as vice president, Joe Biden joined other Western leaders in encouraging the government of Ukraine to fire the country's top prosecutor Viktor Shokin,[46][47] who was widely criticized for blocking corruption investigations.[48][49] The Ukrainian parliament voted to remove Shokin in March 2016.[50][51]

Former President Donald Trump and his personal lawyer Rudy Giuliani claimed in 2019, without evidence, that Joe Biden had sought the dismissal of Shokin in order to protect his son and Burisma Holdings. Actually, it was the official policy of the United States and the European Union to seek Shokin's removal.[52][44][46][53][54] There has also been no evidence produced of wrongdoing by Hunter Biden in Ukraine.[55] The Ukrainian anti-corruption investigation agency stated in September 2019 that its current investigation of Burisma was restricted solely to investigating the period from 2010 to 2012, before Hunter Biden joined Burisma in 2014.[56] Shokin, in May 2019, claimed that he was fired because he had been actively investigating Burisma,[57] but U.S. and Ukrainian officials have stated that the investigation into Burisma was dormant at the time of Shokin's dismissal.[39][57][58] Ukrainian and United States State Department sources note that Shokin was fired for failing to address corruption, including within his office.[53][45][59]

In July 2019, Trump ordered the freezing of $391 million in military aid[60] shortly before a telephone conversation with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky in which Trump asked Zelensky to initiate an investigation of the Bidens.[61][62] Trump falsely told Zelensky that "[Joe] Biden went around bragging that he stopped the prosecution" of his son; Joe Biden did not stop any prosecution, did not brag about doing so, and there is no evidence his son was ever under investigation.[63] The United States House of Representatives initiated a formal impeachment inquiry on September 24, 2019 against Trump on the grounds that he may have sought to use U.S. foreign aid and the Ukrainian government to damage Joe Biden's 2020 presidential campaign.[64][65] Ukrainian prosecutor general Yuriy Lutsenko said in May 2019 that Hunter Biden had not violated Ukrainian law. After Lutsenko was replaced by Ruslan Riaboshapka as prosecutor general, Lutsenko and Riaboshapka said in September and October 2019 respectively that they had seen no evidence of wrongdoing by Hunter Biden.[46][66][67]

During 2019 and into 2020, Republican senators Ron Johnson and Chuck Grassley investigated Hunter Biden's involvement with Burisma, as well as allegations that Democrats colluded with the Ukrainian government to interfere in the 2016 election. The chairman of the Senate Intelligence Committee Republican senator Richard Burr privately expressed concerns to the senators that their inquiries could assist efforts by Russian intelligence to spread disinformation to disrupt American domestic affairs.[68] American intelligence officials briefed senators in late 2019 about Russian efforts to frame Ukraine for 2016 election interference.[69] Johnson said he would release findings in spring 2020, as Democrats would be selecting their 2020 presidential nominee, but instead ramped up the investigation at Trump's urging in May 2020, after it became clear that Joe Biden would be the nominee.[70][71] Trump tweeted a press report about the investigations, later stating that he would make allegations of corruption by the Bidens a central theme of his re-election campaign.[69] Johnson decided in March 2020 against issuing a subpoena for former Ukrainian official Andrii Telizhenko, a Giuliani associate who had made appearances on the pro-Trump cable channel One America News, after the FBI briefed him about concerns Telizhenko could be spreading Russian disinformation.[72] The State Department revoked Telizhenko's visa in October 2020, and CNN reported the American government was considering sanctioning him as a Russian agent.[73] CNN reported that Vladislav Davidzon, the editor of Ukrainian magazine The Odessa Review, told CNN that in 2018 Telizhenko offered him money to lobby Republican senators in support of pro-Russian television stations in Ukraine.[74] When Johnson released the final report on the investigation, it contained no evidence that Joe Biden had pushed for Shokin's removal in order to benefit Hunter or Burisma.[75][76]

In June 2020, former Ukrainian prosecutor general Ruslan Riaboshapka stated that an audit of thousands of old case files he had ordered in October 2019 had found no wrongdoing by Hunter Biden. Riaboshapka was described by Zelensky as "100 percent my person" during the July 2019 call in which Trump asked him to investigate Biden.[77]

Ukrainian lawmaker Andrii Derkach, an associate of Rudy Giuliani with links to Russian intelligence, released in May 2020 alleged snippets of recordings of Joe Biden speaking with Ukrainian president Petro Poroshenko during the years Hunter Biden worked for Burisma.[78] The recordings, which were not verified as authentic and appeared heavily edited, depicted Biden linking loan guarantees for Ukraine to the ouster of the country's prosecutor general. The recordings did not provide evidence to support the ongoing conspiracy theory that Biden wanted the prosecutor fired to protect his son.[79] Poroshenko denied in June 2020 that Joe Biden ever approached him about Burisma.[80][81] The United States Department of the Treasury sanctioned Derkach in September 2020, stating he "has been an active Russian agent for over a decade, maintaining close connections with the Russian Intelligence Services". The Treasury Department added Derkach "waged a covert influence campaign centered on cultivating false and unsubstantiated narratives concerning U.S. officials in the upcoming 2020 Presidential Election" including by the release of "edited audio tapes and other unsupported information with the intent to discredit U.S. officials".[82][83] Close associates of Derkach were also sanctioned by the Treasury Department in January 2021.[84] United States intelligence community analysis released in March 2021 found that Derkach was among proxies of Russian intelligence who promoted and laundered misleading or unsubstantiated narratives about Biden "to US media organizations, US officials, and prominent US individuals, including some close to former President Trump and his administration".[2][3]

Two Republicans on a Senate investigation committee in 2020 claimed that Russian businessperson Yelena Baturina, the wife of former Moscow mayor Yury Luzhkov, wire-transferred $3.5 million in 2014 to an investment firm linked to Hunter Biden. The report cited unspecified confidential documents. The report gives no indication that Hunter Biden personally accepted the funds.[85] Biden's attorney denied the report, saying Biden had no financial relationship with the woman and no stake in the partnership that received the money, nor did he co-found the partnership.[86][87] However, Trump's White House spokeswoman Alyssa Farah repeated the claim, and in a press conference President Trump repeatedly claimed that Biden received millions of dollars from the former mayor's wife.[85]

Biden's application for a position in the U.S. Navy Reserve was approved in May 2013.[88] At age 43, Biden was accepted as part of a program that allows a limited number of applicants with desirable skills to receive commissions and serve in staff positions.[89] Biden received an age-related waiver and a waiver due to a past drug-related incident; he was sworn in as a direct commission officer.[88] Joe Biden administered his commissioning oath in a White House ceremony.[5]

The following month, Biden tested positive for cocaine during a urinalysis test and was subsequently discharged administratively.[90][91] Biden attributed the result to smoking cigarettes he had accepted from other smokers, claiming the cigarettes were laced with cocaine.[5] He chose not to appeal the matter as it was unlikely that the panel would believe his explanation given his history with drugs[92][93] and also due to the likelihood of news leaking to the press; it was ultimately revealed to The Wall Street Journal by a Navy official who provided the information.[5][88]

Personal life

Biden (center) with family at his brother Beau's funeral in June 2015

Biden married Kathleen Buhle in 1993[5] and they have three daughters: Naomi, Finnegan, and Maisy.[9] The couple separated in 2015 and divorced in 2017.[94] Biden began dating Hallie Biden, widow of his brother Beau, in 2016;[95][96] the relationship ended by 2019.[97]

Biden is also the father of a child born to Lunden Alexis Roberts in Arkansas in August 2018.[98][99] Roberts filed a paternity suit in May 2019, which was settled in March 2020.[100]

Biden married South African filmmaker Melissa Cohen in May 2019.[92][101] Their son Beau was born in March 2020 in Los Angeles.[102][103]

Biden spent decades struggling with alcohol and drug addiction. He said, "There's addiction in every family. I was in that darkness. I was in that tunnel—it's a never-ending tunnel. You don't get rid of it. You figure out how to deal with it".[92][93][104]

Biden currently works as a full-time artist. Biden's art dealer, Georges Bergès, plans to host a private viewing for Biden in Los Angeles in Fall 2021, followed by an exhibition in New York.[105]

Written works

Biden released a memoir discussing his addiction struggles titled Beautiful Things on April 6, 2021.[106] In The New York Times, reviewer Elisabeth Egan described the book as "equal parts family saga, grief narrative and addict's howl".[107]

References

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  54. ^ In March 2016, testimony to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, former ambassador to Ukraine John E. Herbst stated, "By late fall of 2015, the EU and the United States joined the chorus of those seeking Mr. Shokin's removal" and that Joe Biden "spoke publicly about this before and during his December visit to Kyiv". During the same hearing, assistant secretary of state Victoria Nuland stated, "we have pegged our next $1 billion loan guarantee, first and foremost, to having a rebooting of the reform coalition so that we know who we are working with, but secondarily, to ensuring that the prosecutor general's office gets cleaned up." Ukrainian Reforms Two Years After the Maidan Revolution and the Russian Invasion Hearing Archived November 19, 2019, at the Wayback Machine. United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. March 15, 2016. Retrieved April 30, 2020.
  55. ^ Multiple sources:
    • "Trump: I want to meet my accuser". Agence France-Presse. September 30, 2019. Archived from the original on October 1, 2019. Retrieved October 1, 2019. US President Donald Trump said on Sunday he wants and deserves to meet the anonymous whistleblower at the center of the fast-moving scandal that has triggered an impeachment probe against him ... Brandishing what he said were affidavits incriminating Biden's son Hunter over his work at a Ukrainian company, Giuliani said Trump was duty bound to raise the issue with Kiev. Trump and his allies claim Biden, as Barack Obama's vice president, pressured Kiev to fire the country's top prosecutor to protect his son Hunter, who sat on the board of a gas company, Burisma Holdings, accused of corrupt practices. Those allegations have largely been debunked and there has been no evidence of illegal conduct or wrongdoing in Ukraine by the Bidens.
    • Matthias, Williams; Polityuk, Pavel (September 26, 2019). "Zelenskiy opponents say comments about Europeans to Trump could hurt Ukraine". Reuters. Archived from the original on October 1, 2019. Retrieved October 1, 2019. Trump pressed Zelenskiy to investigate the business dealings of the son of his political rival, former Vice President Joe Biden, the Democratic front-runner to challenge Trump in an election next year. Zelenskiy agreed. Biden's son Hunter worked for a company drilling for gas in Ukraine. There has been no evidence of wrongdoing by either Biden.
    • Isachenkov, Vladimir (September 27, 2019). "Ukraine's prosecutor says there is no probe into Biden". Associated Press. Archived from the original on October 1, 2019. Retrieved October 1, 2019. Though the timing raised concerns among anti-corruption advocates, there has been no evidence of wrongdoing by either the former vice president or his son.
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