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GeoGebra

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GeoGebra
Developer(s)Markus Hohenwarter et al
Stable release6.0.866 (29 October 2024 (2024-10-29)) [±]
Preview release(none)[1] [±]
Repositorygithub.com/geogebra/geogebra
Written inJava, HTML5
Operating systemWindows, macOS, ChromeOS, Linux; also a web app
TypeInteractive geometry software
LicenseGeoGebra License;[2] Non-commercial freeware; portions under GPL, CC-BY-NC-SA
Websitegeogebra.org

GeoGebra (a portmanteau of geometry and algebra) is an interactive geometry, algebra, statistics and calculus application, intended for learning and teaching mathematics and science from primary school to university level. GeoGebra is available on multiple platforms, with apps for desktops (Windows, macOS and Linux), tablets (Android, iPad and Windows) and web. It is presently owned by Indian edutech firm Byju's.[3]

History

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GeoGebra's creator, Markus Hohenwarter,[4] started the project in 2001 as part of his master's thesis at the University of Salzburg. After a successful Kickstarter campaign, GeoGebra expanded its offering to include an iPad, an Android and a Windows Store app version.[5] In 2013, GeoGebra incorporated Bernard Parisse's Xcas[6] into its CAS view.[7] The project is now freeware (with open-source portions) and multi-lingual, and Hohenwarter continues to lead its development at the University of Linz.

GeoGebra includes both commercial and not-for-profit entities that work together from the head office in Linz, Austria, to expand the software and cloud services available to users.

In December 2021, GeoGebra was acquired by edtech conglomerate Byju's for approximately $100 million USD.[3]

On January 25, 2024, lenders began bankruptcy proceedings against GeoGebra's parent company Byju's in an effort to repay its loans.[8] On February 1, 2024, Byju's U.S. division filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in Delaware. Byju's would raise around $200 million in an effort to clear "immediate liabilities" and for other operational costs.[9]

Features

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GeoGebra is an interactive mathematics software suite for learning and teaching science, technology, engineering, and mathematics from primary school up to the university level. Constructions can be made with points, vectors, segments, lines, polygons, conic sections, inequalities, implicit polynomials and functions, all of which can be edited dynamically later. Elements can be entered and modified using mouse and touch controls, or through an input bar. GeoGebra can store variables for numbers, vectors and points, calculate derivatives and integrals of functions, and has a full complement of commands like Root or Extremum. Teachers and students can use GeoGebra as an aid in formulating and proving geometric conjectures.

GeoGebra's main features are:

GeoGebra Materials platform

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The GeoGebra Materials platform[11] is a cloud service that allows users to upload and share GeoGebra applets with others. GeoGebra Materials was originally launched as GeoGebraTube in June 2011, and was renamed in 2016. As of April 2016 the service hosts more than 1 million resources, 400,000+ of which are public. "Materials" include interactive worksheets, simulations, games and e-books created using GeoGebraBook.

GeoGebra Materials can be also exported in several formats, including SVG, Animated GIF, Windows Metafile, PNG, PDF and EPS, as well as copied directly to the clipboard. GeoGebra can also generate code for use in LaTeX files.

Licensing

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Before version 4.2, GeoGebra was published under the GNU General Public License (GPL-3.0-or-later).

After version 4.2 the licensing was changed.[12] GeoGebra's source code, except the installers, web services, user interface image and style files, and documentation and language files, is licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL-3.0-or-later). The installers and web services are released under GeoGebra's own proprietary license. User interface image and style files, and documentation and language files are published under the Creative Commons NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0). Commercial use is subject to a special license and collaboration agreement.[13]

Since parts of GeoGebra not licensed under a GPL compatible license are required to build the program,[14] and since GeoGebra includes GPL licensed libraries,[15] some users,[16][17][18] including a maintainer of one of the libraries used by GeoGebra,[19] consider the license invalid. In response,[20] the International GeoGebra Institute, and GeoGebra's creator, Markus Hohenwarter, have provided a license FAQ.[21]

Community

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The International GeoGebra Institute (IGI) is the nonprofit arm of the GeoGebra Group. The institute coordinates research, development, translation and deployment efforts of the GeoGebra system across a global network of user groups at universities and non-profit organizations, as well as provide certification to GeoGebra experts and trainers.

Awards

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  • Archimedes[22] 2016: MNU Award in category Mathematics (Hamburg, Germany)
  • Microsoft Partner of the Year Award[23] 2015: Finalist, Public Sector: Education (Redmond, WA, USA)
  • MERLOT Award[24] for Exemplary Online Learning Resources – MERLOT Classics 2013 (Las Vegas, Nevada, USA)
  • NTLC Award 2010: National Technology Leadership Award 2010 (Washington D.C., USA)
  • Tech Award[25] 2009: Laureate in the Education Category (San Jose, California, USA)
  • BETT Award 2009: Finalist in London for British Educational Technology Award
  • SourceForge.net Community Choice Awards 2008:[26] Finalist, Best Project for Educators
  • AECT Distinguished Development Award 2008: Association for Educational Communications and Technology (Orlando, USA)
  • Learnie Award 2006: Austrian Educational Software Award for "Wurfbewegungen mit GeoGebra" (Vienna, Austria)
  • eTwinning Award 2006: 1st prize for "Crop Circles Challenge" with GeoGebra (Linz, Austria)
  • Les Trophées du Libre 2005: International Free Software Award, category Education (Soisson, France)
  • Comenius 2004: German Educational Media Award (Berlin, Germany)
  • Learnie Award 2005: Austrian Educational Software Award for "Spezielle Relativitätstheorie mit GeoGebra" (Vienna, Austria)
  • digita 2004: German Educational Software Award (Cologne, Germany)
  • Learnie Award 2003: Austrian Educational Software Award (Vienna, Austria)
  • EASA 2002: European Academic Software Award (Ronneby, Sweden)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Versions – GeoGebra, dev.geogebra.org, retrieved 2014-09-14
  2. ^ "GeoGebra License". Retrieved 2022-01-11.
  3. ^ a b "Byju's acquires Austrian math co for $100mn".
  4. ^ JKU | IDM » Markus Hohenwarter, Jku.at, 2013-06-13, archived from the original on 2016-09-17, retrieved 2013-08-29
  5. ^ GeoGebra for tablets (iPad and Android), Kickstarter.com, retrieved 2013-08-29
  6. ^ "Xcas | Semantic Scholar". www.semanticscholar.org. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
  7. ^ Kovács, Zoltán; Parisse, Bernard [in French] (2013-11-25), Giac and GeoGebra: improved Gröbner basis computations (PDF), RICAM Institute, Linz, Austria, retrieved 2015-01-23
  8. ^ "Lenders begin bankruptcy proceedings against India's Byju's". Reuters. January 25, 2024. Retrieved February 1, 2024.
  9. ^ "Indian edtech Byju's US unit files for bankruptcy in Delaware". Yahoo! Finance. February 1, 2024. Retrieved February 1, 2024.
  10. ^ "Classroom Resources". GeoGebra.
  11. ^ GeoGebra Materials: http://www.geogebra.org/materials
  12. ^ Giovanni Mascellani (29 May 2013). "Debian Bug report logs - #692728" (Mailing list). Following a closer inspection at the licensing terms GeoGebra authors use, I noticed that GeoGebra isn't free anymore, starting from version 4.2.
  13. ^ "GeoGebra License". Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  14. ^ Giovanni Mascellani (29 May 2013). "Debian Bug report logs - #692728" (Mailing list). [...] at least the language files are required to build the program.
  15. ^ "SourcesForUsedLibraries". Archived from the original on 9 March 2021.
  16. ^ Stuart Prescott (16 Aug 2013). "Debian Bug report logs - #692728" (Mailing list).
  17. ^ As of this edit, this article uses content from "Is Geogebra's "non-commercial only GPL3" license valid?", which is licensed in a way that permits reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, but not under the GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed.
  18. ^ Hendrik Weimer (30 Jan 2014). "Debian Bug report logs - #692728" (Mailing list). However, if the language file carries a GPL-incompatible license (such as CC-BY-SA), the resulting product cannot be distributed in a legal way.
  19. ^ Sylvestre Ledru (28 Jan 2014). "Debian Bug report logs - #692728" (Mailing list). Besides the fact that it seems invalid, it also ships Jlatexmath (which I co maintain) which is published under the GPL v2.
  20. ^ Markus Hohenwarter (24 Sep 2013). "Debian Bug report logs - #692728" (Mailing list).
  21. ^ "License FAQ". Archived from the original on 2017-02-28. Retrieved 2023-07-15.
  22. ^ "MNU - Verband zur Förderung des MINT-Unterrichts - Auszeichnungen". www.mnu.de.
  23. ^ "Microsoft announces 2015 Partner of the Year winners and finalists". Stories. June 2, 2015.
  24. ^ "MERLOT Award Winner in Math: Geogebra | Online Learning Consortium, Inc". Archived from the original on 2017-05-23. Retrieved 2013-02-19.
  25. ^ "The Tech Awards | Technology Benefiting Humanity". July 3, 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-07-03.
  26. ^ "2008 CCA: Finalists". 30 June 2008.
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