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Elbrus-2S+

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(Redirected from Elbrus-4S)
Elbrus-2S+
General information
Launched2011; 13 years ago (2011)
Designed byMCST
Common manufacturer
Performance
Max. CPU clock rate300 MHz to 800 MHz
Architecture and classification
Instruction setElbrus 2000
Physical specifications
Cores
  • 6

Elbrus-2S+ (Russian: Эльбрус-2С+) is a multi-core microprocessor based on the Elbrus 2000 architecture developed by Moscow Center of SPARC Technologies (MCST).[2][3][4] There are multiple reports regarding the evolution of this technology for the purpose of import substitution in Russia, which was raised by several ministries in July 2014, due to economic sanctions in response to 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine.[5][6][7][8] In December 2014, it was announced that Mikron Group started pilot production of a dual-core variant of this microprocessor called Elbrus-2SM (Russian: Эльбрус-2СМ) using a 90 nanometer CMOS manufacturing process in Zelenograd, Russia.[1][9][10][11][12]

Technology

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The Elbrus-4S CPU uses a VLIW instruction set where it can perform up to 23 instructions per clock cycle and is reported to have support for Intel x86 emulation through a virtual machine.[13][14][15] When programs are built for Elbrus 2000 native mode, the compiler determines how the different operations shall be distributed over the 23 computing units before saving the final program. This means that no dynamic scheduling is needed during runtime, thus reducing the amount of work the CPU has to perform every time a program is executed. Because static scheduling only needs to be performed one time when the program is built, more advanced algorithms for finding the optimal distribution of work can be employed.[16][17]

Specifications

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Elbrus-2S+[18] Elbrus-2SМ[19] Elbrus-4S[20]
Russian designation 1891ВМ7Я 1891ВМ9Я 1891ВМ8Я
Produced 2011 2014 2014
Process CMOS 90 nm CMOS 90 nm CMOS 65 nm
Clock rate 500 MHz 300 MHz 800 MHz
Elbrus 2000 CPU cores

Elcore-09 DSP cores

2

4

2

0

4

0

Peak performance (CPU + DSP)
  • 64-bit
  • 64-bit
  • 32-bit
  • 32-bit
  • 16-bit

20 + 2 GIPS
8 + 0 GFlops
33 + 16 GIPS
16 + 12 GFlops
43 + 48 GIPS


12 GIPS
4.8 GFlops
19.8 GIPS
9.6 GFlops
 



25 GFlops
107 GIPS
50 GFlops
 

L1 instruction cache (per core) 64 KB 64 KB 128 KB
L1 data cache (per core) 64 KB 64 KB 64 KB
L2 cache (per core) 1 MB 1 MB 8 MB
DSP cache (per DSP core) 128 KB
Data transfer rate to cache 16 GB/s
Data transfer rate to main memory 12.8 GB/s 38.4 GB/s
Communications
  • number of channels for interprocessor communications
  • channel bandwidth for interprocessor communications
  • number of input-output channels
  • channel bandwidth for input-output

3
4 GB/s
2
2 GB/s


3
12 GB/s
1
4 GB/s

Crystal area 289 sq. mm 380 sq. mm
Transistors 368 million >300 million[1] 986 million
Connection layers 9 9
Packing/pins HFCBGA/1296 HFCBGA/1600
Package size 37.5×37.5×2.5 mm 42.5×42.5×3.2 mm
Voltage 1.0/1.8/2.5 V 1.2/1.8/ 2.5 V 1.1/1.5/2.5/3.3 V
Power consumption ~25 W ~45 W
Producer TSMC Taiwan Mikron Russia[21] Mikron Russia[22][23][24]

South Bridge

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The south bridge for the Elbrus 2000 chipset, which connects peripherals and bus to the CPU is developed by MCST. It is also compatible with the MCST-R1000.[25][26]

KPI 1991VG1YA 1026A010
Produced 2010
Process CMOS 0.13 μm
Clock rate 250 MHz
serial bus for communication with the microprocessor 1 GB/s – receiving, 1 GB/s – transmission
PCI Express controller, revision 1.0a 8 lines
PCI controller, version 2.3 32/64-bit at clock frequencies of 33/66 MHz
Ethernet controller, 1 GB/s 1 port
SATA 2.0 controller 4 ports
IDE controller, PATA-100 2 ports for 2 devices
USB 2.0 controller 2 ports
audio interface controller, AC-97 2-channel stereo
Serial controller, RS-232 and RS-485 2 ports
Parallel interface controller, IEEE-1284 with DMA support 1 port
Programmable universal input-output (GPIO) controller 16 signals
I²C interface Channel 4
SPI Interface Supports for 4 devices
Interrupt control subsystems 2 PIC + 1 IOAPIC
Timers System timer and watchdog timer.
Crystal area 112 sq. mm
Transistors 30 million
Packing/pins HFCBGA/1156
Package size 35×35×3.2 mm
Voltage 1.2/3.3 V
Power consumption ~6 W

Applications

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In December 2012, Kraftway announced that it will deliver an Elbrus based PC together with its partner MCST.[27][28][29]

In August 2013, Kuyan, Gusev, Kozlov, Kaimuldenov and Kravtsunov from MCST has published an article based on their experience with building and deployment of Debian Linux for the Elbrus computer architecture. It was done using a hybrid compiler toolchain (cross and native), for Elbrus-2S+ and Intel Core 2 Duo.[30]

In December 2014, an implementation of the OpenGL 3.3 standard was demonstrated by running the game Doom 3 BFG Edition on an Elbrus-4S, clocked at 720 MHz, using a Radeon graphics card with 2 gigabytes of video memory.[31]

In April 2015, MCST announced two new products based on the Elbrus-4S CPU: One 19-inch rack server with four CPUs (16 cores) and one personal computer.[32]

In December 2015, the first shipment of PCs based on VLIW CPU Elbrus-4s was made in Russia.[33]

In June 2024, the “Elbrus-2S3 (Эльбрус-2С3) microprocessor”[34] has resurfaced on the Russian market. This is a nona-core("CPU-core×2" + "3D・GPU-core×1" + "2D・GPU-core×2" + "VPU-core×4") CPU manufactured with a 16nm process. This is the cut down version of the 16-core Elbrus-16S, which might also resurface at some point if there's enough market demand for this to make sense.[35][36]

In September 2024, The MCST company presented “Elbrus-2S3 (Эльбрус-2С3) microprocessor”[37] at the 10th anniversary Russian forum "Microelectronics 2024".[38][39]

References

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  1. ^ a b c "ЗАО "МЦСТ" готовит выпуск материнских плат на базе процессора "ЭЛЬБРУС-2СМ", произведенного на "Микроне"". mikron.sitronics.ru. Archived from the original on 2015-01-02. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  2. ^ "Apple's iMac may be facing a new big competitor from Russia". slashdot.org. 7 January 2013. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  3. ^ "Elbrus 2c". elbrus2k.wikidot.com. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  4. ^ "US is no longer CPU empire". itresident.com. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  5. ^ "Russian microprocessor firms to challenge Intel and AMD on domestic market". rbth.co.uk. 10 July 2014. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  6. ^ "Russia's microelectronics industry gains steam". thinkrussia.com. Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  7. ^ "New Elbrus-8C processor could usher in a new level of computing speed". pocket-lint.com. 14 July 2014. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  8. ^ "MCST starts production of Elbrus-8C microproccesor". referoutpost.com. Archived from the original on 2014-12-30. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  9. ^ "МЦСТ готовит выпуск материнских плат на базе процессора Эльбрус-2СМ, произведенного на Микроне". mcst.ru. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  10. ^ "JSC Sitronics announces the opening of production line with 90nm technology at JSC Mikron, Head Company of its business division Sitronics Microelectronics". mikron.sitronics.com. Archived from the original on 2014-12-30. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  11. ^ "Semiconductor Market Update Russia Nov 2012" (PDF). Semi. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-25. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  12. ^ "IBM provides Russia with 90-nm process". eetimes.com. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  13. ^ "Shadows of Itanium: Russian firm debuts VLIW Elbrus 4 CPU with onboard x86 emulation". ExtremeTech. Retrieved 2015-05-13.
  14. ^ "Russia now selling home-grown CPUs with Transmeta-like x86 emulation". Sebastian Anthony. 11 May 2015. Retrieved 2015-05-13.
  15. ^ "Russischer Elbrus-Prozessor nur auf Anfrage erhältlich". golem.de. Retrieved 2015-05-13.
  16. ^ E2K Technology and Implementation. Euro-Par 2000 Parallel Processing: 6th International Euro-Par Conference, Munich, Germany, August 29-September 1, 2000 : Proceedings, Issue 1900. 23 August 2000. ISBN 9783540679561. Retrieved 2015-05-13.
  17. ^ "Main principles of E2K architecture" (PDF). Elbrus international. Retrieved 2015-05-13.
  18. ^ Specifications Elbrus-2C+
  19. ^ Specifications Elbrus-2SM
  20. ^ Specifications Elbrus-4C
  21. ^ "ЗАО «МЦСТ» готовит выпуск материнских плат на базе процессора «ЭЛЬБРУС-2СМ», произведенного на «Микроне»". mikron.sitronics.ru. 2014-12-25. Retrieved 2024-12-20. - In December 2014, JSC MCST, a developer of universal high-performance Russian microprocessors and computing systems, announces the launch of pilot production of compact motherboards "Monocube-M" based on the first domestic dual-core microprocessors "Elbrus-2SM", manufactured using 90 nm technology by JSC NIIME and Mikron, the largest manufacturer and exporter of microelectronics in Russia and the CIS, part of the RTI industry holding.
  22. ^ "«Микрон» в 2014 году начнет серийное производство микросхем по топологии 65 нанометров". mikron.sitronics.ru. 2014-02-19. Retrieved 2024-12-20. - In February 2014, Zelenograd's "Mikron" has manufactured test samples of microcircuits created using 65-nm technology.
  23. ^ "Mikron Product Catalog". mikron.ru. 2014-04-19. Retrieved 2024-12-18. - Mikron provides contract manufacturing services for process standards from 90nm to 65nm with a focus on the following technologies.
  24. ^ "Каталог Сервер ИНЭУМ Эльбрус-4.4 1U". katalog-rek.ru. 2014-04-19. Retrieved 2024-12-18. - Server INEUM Elbrus-4.4 1U based on the Elbrus-4S processors allows solving infrastructure tasks in a compact 1U case is designed for dense placement of infrastructure computing capacities. - Recommended retail price 560,000 RUB (without VAT).
  25. ^ "Kpi 1991vg1ya 1026a010". elbrus2k.wikidot.com. Retrieved 2015-01-05.
  26. ^ "Controller chip peripheral interfaces". mcst.ru. Retrieved 2015-01-05.
  27. ^ "Milestones". kraftway.ru. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  28. ^ "Domestic company Kraftway launches computers for domestic processors". survincity.com. Archived from the original on 2015-01-01. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  29. ^ "Kraftway выпустил пилотную партию моноблочных ПК на базе микропроцессора "Эльбрус-2С+"". kraftway.ru. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  30. ^ Experience of Building and Deployment Debian on Elbrus Architecture, Date obtained from creation date of pdf file
  31. ^ "Новогодний ролик 2015: тестирование RBDoom3-BFG на процессоре Эльбрус-4С". mcst.ru. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  32. ^ "Новые продукты на базе микропроцессора Эльбрус-4С доступны для заказа". mcst.ru. Retrieved 2015-04-27.
  33. ^ ""Ижевский радиозавод" начал выпуск первых отечественных персональных компьютеров - ТАСС".
  34. ^ "Description of the microprocessor device and its operational characteristics - Central processor "Elbrus-2S3" (TVGI.431281.027)" (PDF). rmcst.ru. 2021-08-23. Retrieved 2024-11-02.
  35. ^ "Ростех разработал самый миниатюрный компьютер на базе «Эльбруса»". rostec.ru. 2024-06-13. Retrieved 2024-06-26.
  36. ^ "Ростех разработал самый миниатюрный компьютер на базе «Эльбруса»". rostec.ru. 2024-06-13. Retrieved 2024-10-01.
  37. ^ "Центральный процессор «Эльбрус-2С3» (ТВГИ.431281.027) - МЦСТ". mcst.ru. 2021-08-23. Retrieved 2024-10-08.
  38. ^ "Ростех разработал самый миниатюрный компьютер на базе «Эльбруса»". rostec.ru. 2024-09-30. Retrieved 2024-10-08.
  39. ^ "Catalog of solutions based on the Elbrus-2S3 processor - 2024" (PDF). rmcst.ru. 2024-09-30. Retrieved 2024-10-08.
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