View source for Versement transport

{{More citations needed|date=December 2013}}

In [[France]], the '''versement transport''' (abbreviated  '''VT''') is a [[hypothecated tax|hypothecated]] urban regional payroll tax levied on the total gross salaries of all employees of companies of more than 11 employees,<ref>{{cite web|last1=URSSAF|title=Le versement transport et le versement transport additionnel|url=https://www.urssaf.fr/portail/home/employeur/calculer-les-cotisations/les-taux-de-cotisations/le-versement-transport-et-le-ver/les-employeurs-concernes.html|website=Government of France}}</ref> originally intended to raise capital for investment in local public transport infrastructure, but more and more used to cover its operating expenses. The tax is levied on the employer, not the employee directly. The money is directed to the {{lang|fr|[[autorité organisatrice de transport urbain]]}} (AOT, "Urban Regional Transport Authority"), the local government authority responsible for organising public transport.

In 2010, for example, this tax financed nearly 40% of the operational cost for the public transport network in Ile-de-France<ref>STIF, 2010 (http://www.stif.info/IMG/pdf/Graph_financement_2011b.pdf){{dead link|date=July 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> through the {{lang|fr|[[Syndicat des transports d'Île-de-France]]}} (STIF), the AOT for the [[Île-de-France (region)|Île-de-France]], which includes [[Paris]]. The STIF distributed the money between the [[Régie autonome des transports parisiens]] (RATP, the metropolitan transport authority), the [[Société nationale des chemins de fer français]] (SNCF, the state railway operator) and the Optile group (private companies that operate bus lines in the suburbs).

== Expansion ==
First established in the Paris region, in 1973 the VT was extended to all urban regions of over {{formatnum:300000}} people. In 1974 this was extended to those whose population exceeded {{formatnum:100000}}, in 1982, to those over {{formatnum:30000}} (by the "Administration Territoriale de la République" law) and in 1999 to those over {{formatnum:10000}} (the {{lang|fr|"Loi relative au renforcement et à la simplification de la coopération intercommunale"}}, more commonly known as the [[Chevènement law]]). The money is directed to the local [[autorité organisatrice de transport urbain]]. Between 1975 and 1982, the minimum population being fixed at {{formatnum:100000}} may have played a decisive part in the creation of AOTs encompassing several smaller [[Communes in France|communes]], and in the extension of {{lang|fr|"périmètres de transport urbain"}} (PTUs, "Urban Transport limits", i.e. essentially the edges of fare zones).

== Rates==

=== General ===
The VT rate is variable depending on the size of the population in the PTU. Since 2011, it is limited to 0.9% for PTUs with fewer than {{formatnum:100000}} inhabitants.

=== Île de France ===
* 2.85% in Paris and the Département of [[Hauts-de-Seine]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.editions-tissot.fr/actualite/droit-du-travail-article.aspx?secteur=PME&id_art=6626&titre=Versement+de+transport+%3A+les+nouveaux+taux+au+1er+juillet+2015|title=Versement de transport : les nouveaux taux au 1er juillet 2015|website=editions-tissot.fr|date=July 4, 2016}}</ref>
* 1.91% in certain municipalities, set by decree, in the Départements of [[Seine-Saint-Denis]], [[Val-de-Marne]], [[Seine-et-Marne]], [[Yvelines]], [[Essonne]], and [[Val-d'Oise]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/texte_lc/LEGITEXT000006070633/2022-08-04|title=General code of local and regional authorities|date=August 1, 2022|accessdate=August 4, 2022}}</ref>
* 1.50% for other municipalities in Île-de-France.

=== Supplements ===
* an AOT can set its tax at 1.75% if it provides the service itself rather than contracting it out
* An extra 0.05% may be raised if the AOT is a {{lang|fr|"[[communauté de communes]]"}}, a {{lang|fr|"[[communauté d'agglomération]]"}} or a {{lang|fr|"[[communauté urbaine]]"}}
* Since July 2010, another 0.2% may be raised if at least one commune in the PTU Is classed as a tourist destination.

=== Deductions ===
Employers who grow to exceed the threshold of 11 employees are exempt from paying transport tax for three years and receive a discount of 75% the fourth year, 50% the fifth year and 25% in year six.<ref>https://www.urssaf.fr/portail/home/employeur/calculer-les-cotisations/les-taux-de-cotisations/le-versement-transport-et-le-ver/la-dispense-et-lassujettissement.html {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref>

== Usage ==
In the 1970s, this tax was used to modernise the public transport networks.

== External links ==
Source: [http://Legifrance.gouv.fr legifrance.gouv.fr]
*Law:
** Statutory: [http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichCode.do?idSectionTA=LEGISCTA000006181011&cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006070633&dateTexte=vig Code général des collectivités territoriales, Partie législative, Deuxième partie : La commune, Livre III : Finances communales, Titre III : Recette, Chapitre III : Taxes, redevances ou versements non prévus par le code général des impôts, Section 8 : Versement destiné aux transports en commun, Articles L2333-64 à L2333-64] {{in lang|fr}}
** Regulatory: [http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichCode.do?idSectionTA=LEGISCTA000006181468&cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006070633&dateTexte=vig Code général des collectivités territoriales, Partie réglementaire, Deuxième partie : La commune, Livre III : Finances communales, Titre III : Recette, Chapitre III : Taxes, redevances ou versements non prévus par le code général des impôts, Section 8 : Versement destiné aux transports en commun, Articles D2333-83 à R2333-104-1] {{in lang|fr}}
* Special directives for the l'Ile de France : {{Légifrance|base=CGCT|numéro=L2531-2|texte=Art. L2531-2 et s. du Code général des collectivités territoriales (CGCT)}}, {{Légifrance|base=CGCT|numéro=R2531-7|texte=Art. R2531-7 et s. du CGCT}} and {{Légifrance|base=CGCT|numéro=D2531-2|texte=Art. D2531-2 et s. du CGCT}} {{in lang|fr}}

{{reflist}}

{{Portal|Transport|France}}
{{Paris transport network}}

[[Category:Transport law in France]]
[[Category:Taxation in France]]