Sand sole

Sand sole
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Carangiformes
Family:	Soleidae
Genus:	Pegusa
Species:	P. lascaris
Binomial name
	Pegusa lascaris; (Risso, 1810)
Synonyms
	Pleuronectes lascaris Risso, 1810; Solea lascaris (Risso, 1810); Solea scriba Valenciennes, 1837; Solea brasiliensis Kaup, 1858; Solea aurantiaca Günther, 1862; Solea auriantiaca Günther, 1862; Solea vermeuleni Metzelaar, 1919;

The sand sole (Pegusa lascaris) is a fish species in the family Soleidae. It is a marine, subtropical, demersal fish up to 40 centimetres (16 in) long.

Widespread in the northeastern and southeastern Atlantic, to the Gulf of Guinea in the south, also in the Mediterranean Sea.^[3] Recorded in the Suez Canal.^[4] During a long time the soles from the Black Sea and Sea of Azov were erroneously identified as the Blackhand sole, which was considered as subspecies P. l. nasuta (now as a different species).^[5] The modern studies confirms the presence of the sand sole in this water basin.^[6]

References

^ Tous, P.; Sidibe, A.; Mbye, E.; de Morais, L.; Camara, Y.H.; Adeofe, T.A.; Monroe, T.; Camara, K.; Cissoko, K.; Djiman, R.; Sagna, A.; Sylla, M. (2015). "Pegusa lascaris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T198553A15594886. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T198553A15594886.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Pegusa lascaris". FishBase. February 2018 version.
^ Quéro, J.-C., M. Desoutter and F. Lagardère, 1986. Soleidae. p. 1308–1324. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3.
^ Ben-Tuvia, A., 1990. A taxonomic reappraisal of the Atlanto-Mediterranean soles Solea solea, S. senegalensis and S. lascaris. J. Fish Biol. 36(6): 947–960.
^ Vasilyeva E.D. (2007) Fishes of the Black Sea, VNIRO, Moscow, 238 pp. (in Russian)
^ Movchan V.V. (2011) Fish of Ukraine, Zoloti Vorota, Kyiv, 444 pp. ISBN 978-966-2246-26-1.

External links

Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Pegusa lascaris". FishBase. November 2020 version.

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[iucn_status_18_November_2021-1] Tous, P.; Sidibe, A.; Mbye, E.; de Morais, L.; Camara, Y.H.; Adeofe, T.A.; Monroe, T.; Camara, K.; Cissoko, K.; Djiman, R.; Sagna, A.; Sylla, M. (2015). "Pegusa lascaris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T198553A15594886. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T198553A15594886.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.

[FB-2] Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Pegusa lascaris". FishBase. February 2018 version.

[3] Quéro, J.-C., M. Desoutter and F. Lagardère, 1986. Soleidae. p. 1308–1324. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3.

[4] Ben-Tuvia, A., 1990. A taxonomic reappraisal of the Atlanto-Mediterranean soles Solea solea, S. senegalensis and S. lascaris. J. Fish Biol. 36(6): 947–960.

[5] Vasilyeva E.D. (2007) Fishes of the Black Sea, VNIRO, Moscow, 238 pp. (in Russian)

[6] Movchan V.V. (2011) Fish of Ukraine, Zoloti Vorota, Kyiv, 444 pp. ISBN 978-966-2246-26-1.

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