Miami International Airport
Miami International Airport | |||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | |||||||||||||||||||||||
![]() | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Summary | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Airport type | Public | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Owner/Operator | Miami-Dade Aviation Department (MDAD) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Serves | Miami metropolitan area | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Location | Miami-Dade County, Florida, U.S. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Opened | 1928 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Hub for | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Focus city for | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating base for | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Time zone | EST (UTC−05:00) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
• Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC−04:00) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation AMSL | 3 m / 9 ft | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Coordinates | 25°47′36″N 080°17′26″W / 25.79333°N 80.29056°W | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Website | www | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Maps | |||||||||||||||||||||||
![]() FAA airport diagram | |||||||||||||||||||||||
![]() | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Runways | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
Statistics (2023) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
Miami International Airport (IATA: MIA, ICAO: KMIA, FAA LID: MIA) — also known as MIA and historically as Wilcox Field — is the primary international airport serving Miami, Florida and its metropolitan area with over 1,000 daily flights to 185 domestic and international destinations, including most countries in Latin America. The airport is in an unincorporated area in Miami-Dade County,[4] 8 miles (13 km) west-northwest of Downtown Miami, in metropolitan Miami,[2] adjacent to the cities of Miami and Miami Springs, and the village of Virginia Gardens. Nearby cities include Hialeah, Doral, and the Census-designated place of Fontainebleau.
In 2021, Miami International Airport became the busiest international cargo airport in the U.S.[5][6][7] and the busiest U.S. gateway for international passengers, surpassing John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City.[8][9] As of 2021, it is the 10th busiest airport in the U.S. with 17,500,096 passengers for the year. It is Florida's busiest airport by total aircraft operations, total cargo traffic and total passenger traffic.[10] The airport is American Airlines' third-largest hub and serves as its primary gateway to Latin America and the Caribbean. Miami also serves as a focus city for Avianca, Frontier Airlines, and LATAM, both for passengers and cargo operations.
Miami International Airport covers 1,335 hectares (3,300 acres).[2][11] It is South Florida's main airport for long-haul international flights and a hub for the Southeastern United States with passenger and cargo flights to cities throughout the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Asia. It is the largest gateway between the U.S. and Latin America and the Caribbean and one of the largest airline hubs in the nation.
History
[edit]![](http://up.wiki.x.io/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/PanAm_KeyWest_terminal.jpg/220px-PanAm_KeyWest_terminal.jpg)
![](http://up.wiki.x.io/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Miami_airport_historical.jpg/220px-Miami_airport_historical.jpg)
The first airport on the site of MIA opened in the 1920s and was known as Miami City Airport. Pan American World Airways ("Pan Am") opened an expanded facility adjacent to City Airport, Pan American Field, in 1928. Pan American Field was built on 116 acres of land on 36th Street and was the only mainland airport in the eastern United States that had port of entry facilities. Its runways were located around the threshold of today's Runway 26R. Eastern Air Lines began to serve Pan American Field in 1931, followed by National Airlines in 1936. National used a terminal on the opposite side of LeJeune Road from the airport and would stop traffic on the road in order to taxi aircraft to and from its terminal. Miami Army Airfield opened in 1943 during World War II to the south of Pan American Field. The runways of the two were originally separated by railroad tracks, but the two airfields were listed in some directories as a single facility.[12]
Following World War II in 1945, the City of Miami established a Port Authority and raised bond revenue to purchase Pan American Field, which had been since renamed 36th Street Airport, from Pan Am. It merged with the former Miami Army Airfield, which was purchased from the United States Army Air Force south of the railroad in 1949 and expanded further in 1951 when the railroad line itself was moved south to make more room. United States Air Force Reserve troop carrier and rescue squadrons also operated from the airport from 1949 through 1959, when the last unit relocated to nearby Homestead Air Force Base (now Homestead Air Reserve Base). Pan Am and Eastern also constructed maintenance bases in Miami in the late 1940s, which made the airport the world's largest commercial aircraft maintenance and overhaul facility at the time.[13]
The old terminal on 36th Street was closed in 1959 when the "20th Street Terminal" opened, at the time the largest central airport terminal in the world, with five concourses and a 270-room hotel. This terminal was repeatedly renovated and expanded through the 1990s to create the modern MIA terminal complex.[13]
Nonstop flights to Chicago and Newark started in late 1946, but nonstops didn't reach west beyond St. Louis and New Orleans until January 1962. Nonstop transatlantic flights to Europe began in 1970. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, Air Florida had a hub at MIA, with a nonstop flight to London, England which it acquired from National upon the latter's merger with Pan Am. Air Florida ceased operations in 1982 after the crash of Air Florida Flight 90.[14] British Airways flew a Concorde SST (supersonic transport) triweekly between Miami and London via Dulles International Airport in Washington, D.C., from 1984 to 1991.[15]
After former Apollo 8 astronaut Frank Borman became president of Eastern Air Lines in 1975, he moved Eastern's headquarters from Rockefeller Center in New York City to Building 16 in the northeast corner of MIA, Eastern's maintenance base. Eastern remained one of the largest employers in the Miami metropolitan area until ongoing labor union unrest, coupled with the airline's acquisition by Texas Air in 1986, ultimately forced the airline into bankruptcy in 1989.[14] Eastern operated out of Concourses B through D on the north side of the terminal, where American's Concourse D stands today.[16][17] Concourse E was the home for most international carriers, while Pan Am operated out of Concourses E and F.[16][18]
American Airlines hub
[edit]Amid Eastern's turmoil, American Airlines CEO Robert Crandall sought a new hub in order to utilize new aircraft which AA had on order. AA studies indicated that Delta Air Lines would provide strong competition on most routes from Eastern's hub at Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport in Atlanta, but that MIA had many key routes only served by Eastern. American Airlines announced that it would establish a base at MIA in August 1988. Lorenzo considered selling Eastern's profitable Latin America routes to AA as part of a Chapter 11 reorganization of Eastern in early 1989 but backed out in a last-ditch effort to rebuild the MIA hub. The effort quickly proved futile, and American Airlines purchased the routes (including the route authority between Miami and London then held by Eastern sister company Continental Airlines) in a liquidation of Eastern which was completed in 1990.[14] Later in the 1990s, American transferred more employees and equipment to MIA from its failed domestic hubs at Nashville, Tennessee, and Raleigh–Durham, North Carolina. The hub grew from 34 daily departures in 1989 to 157 in 1990, 190 in 1992, and a peak of 301 in 1995, including long-haul flights to Europe and South America.[19] Today Miami is American's largest air freight hub and is the main connecting point in the airline's north–south international route network.
In December 1992, South African Airways launched flights to Johannesburg via Cape Town using a Boeing 747.[20][21] The company's codeshare agreement with American Airlines supported the route. The carrier later decided to codeshare with Delta Air Lines instead, which operated a hub in Atlanta. Consequently, South African replaced its Miami service with a flight to Atlanta in January 2000.[22][23]
American began the development of the current North Terminal in the 1990s, which replaced the existing Concourses A through D. Although the terminal was originally scheduled to be completed in 2004, numerous delays arose in the construction process, and Miami-Dade County took over control of the project in 2005, at which time the project had a budget of $2.85 billion.[24] The terminal was ultimately completed in 2011 and included a new "Skytrain" people mover system, as well as a wing for American Eagle commuter flights.[25]
Other hub operations
[edit]Pan Am was acquired by Delta Air Lines in 1991, but filed for bankruptcy shortly thereafter. Its remaining international routes from Miami to Europe and Latin America were sold to United Airlines for $135 million as part of Pan Am's emergency liquidation that December.[14] United's Latin American hub offered 24 daily departures in the summer of 1992, growing to 36 daily departures to 21 destinations in the summer of 1994, but returned to 24 daily departures in the summer of 1995 and never expanded further.[26] United ended flights from Miami to South America, and shut down its Miami crew base, in May 2004, reallocating most Miami resources to its main hub in O'Hare International Airport in Chicago.[27] United ceased all mainline service to Miami in 2005 with the introduction of its low-cost product Ted.[26]
Iberia also established a Miami hub in 1992, positioning a fleet of DC-9 aircraft at MIA to serve destinations in Central America and the Caribbean. The hub took advantage of rights granted under the 1991 bilateral aviation agreement between the United States and Spain.[28] During the 1990s, the airport had sterile international-to-international transit facilities in Concourse D (American, British, and Alitalia) and Concourse F (Iberia and four Central American carriers), and there were plans to establish a sterile corridor for international connecting passengers between six concourses.[29] However, the September 11, 2001, attacks made it necessary for many foreigners to obtain a visa in order to transit the United States, and as a result, United Airlines and Iberia closed their hubs in 2004.[30]
Future
[edit]MIA is projected to process 77 million passengers and 4 million tons of freight annually by 2040.[31] To meet such a demand, the Miami-Dade Board of County Commissioners approved a $5 billion improvement plan to take place over 15 years and concluding in 2035. The comprehensive plan includes concourse optimization, construction of two on-site luxury hotels, the demolition of Concourse G, and expansion of the airport's cargo capacity.[32]
Facilities
[edit]![](http://up.wiki.x.io/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/AA_terminal_at_MIA_10_2004.jpg/220px-AA_terminal_at_MIA_10_2004.jpg)
Terminals
[edit]Miami International Airport contains three terminals (North, Central, and South) and six concourses for a total of 131 gates.[33] With the exception of Concourse G, all concourses contain gates to access U.S. Customs and Border Protection facilities.
- Concourse D contains 51 gates. The eastern section opened in 1995 as Concourse A, and the other parts opened in March 2013.[33]
- Concourse E contains 18 gates. Opened throughout the early 1980s, the satellite terminal opened in 1974.[33]
- Concourse F contains 19 gates. Opened in the 1970s.[33]
- Concourse G contains 14 gates. Opened in the mid-1960s.[33]
- Concourse H contains 13 gates. Opened in March 1998.[33]
- Concourse J contains 15 gates. Opened in August 2007.[33]
American operates three Admirals Clubs and one Flagship Lounge across Concourses D & E.[34] Numerous other lounges exist across the airport as well, including an American Express Centurion Lounge located in Concourse D.[34][35][36] The North Terminal (Concourse D) is for the exclusive use of American Airlines. The Central Terminal (Concourses E, F, and G) has varied uses; Concourse E is mainly used by American and its Oneworld partner airlines along with some Caribbean and Latin American airlines, and E's satellite terminal has a gate that can accommodate an Airbus A380. Concourses F and G are used by non-AA domestic and Canadian carriers and flights. The South Terminal (Concourses H and J) is the main non-Oneworld international terminal. Concourse H is largely used by Delta and non-Oneworld international carriers that send narrowbody planes largely from Central and the northern parts of South America, and some widebody flights; and Concourse J is used by most non-Oneworld international carriers that send widebody planes and is the main terminal at MIA for non-Oneworld trans-continental flights. Concourse J also has one gate that can accommodate an A380.[37]
Ground transportation
[edit]![](http://up.wiki.x.io/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Miami_Central_Station_from_NW_25th_Street.jpg/220px-Miami_Central_Station_from_NW_25th_Street.jpg)
Miami International Airport uses the MIA Mover, a free people mover system to transfer passengers between MIA terminals and the Miami Intermodal Center (MIC) that opened to the public on September 9, 2011. The MIC provides direct access from the airport to ground transportation (shuttle/bus/rail) as well as rental car companies. A Metrorail station opened at the MIC on July 28, 2012; a Tri-Rail station followed on April 5, 2015. Plans for Amtrak to operate a station at the MIC have been on hold since it was discovered that the platform built for that purpose was too short for Amtrak trains. As of early 2022, there is still no Amtrak service at the MIC.[38]
The rental car center consolidates airport car rental operations at the MIC.[39]
Miami International Airport has direct public transit service to Miami-Dade Transit's Metrorail, Metrobus network; Greyhound Bus Lines and to the Tri-Rail commuter rail system. Metrorail operates the Orange Line train from Miami International Airport to destinations such as Downtown, Brickell, Health District, Coconut Grove, Coral Gables, Dadeland, Hialeah, South Miami, and Wynwood. It takes approximately 15 minutes to get from the airport to Downtown.
Miami-Dade Transit operates an Airport Flyer bus that connects MIA directly to South Beach.[40]
MIA is served directly by Tri-Rail, Miami's commuter rail system, which began service on April 5, 2015. Tri-Rail connects MIA to northern Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach counties. Tri-Rail directly serves points north such as Boca Raton, Deerfield Beach, Delray Beach, Fort Lauderdale, Hollywood, Pompano Beach and West Palm Beach.[41]
Cargo yard
[edit]MIA has a number of air cargo facilities. The largest cargo complex is located on the west side of the airport, inside the triangle formed by Runways 12/30 and 9/27. Cargo carriers such as LATAM Cargo, Atlas Air, Amerijet International, and DHL operate from this area. The largest privately owned facility is the Centurion Cargo complex in the northeast corner of the airport, with over 51,000 m2 (550,000 sq ft) of warehouse space.[42] FedEx and UPS operate their own facilities in the northwest corner of the airport, off of 36th Street. In addition to its large passenger terminal in Concourse D, American Airlines operates a maintenance base to the east of Concourse D, centered around a semicircular hangar originally used by National Airlines which can accommodate three widebody aircraft.[43]
Airlines and destinations
[edit]Passenger
[edit]Cargo
[edit]Statistics
[edit]Top destinations
[edit]Rank | City | Passengers | Carriers |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Atlanta, Georgia | 1,033,000 | American, Delta, Frontier, Southwest, Spirit |
2 | New York–JFK, New York | 902,000 | American, Delta, JetBlue |
3 | New York–LaGuardia, New York | 848,000 | American, Delta, Frontier, Spirit |
4 | Newark, New Jersey | 688,000 | American, Frontier, JetBlue, Spirit, United |
5 | Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas | 682,000 | American, Frontier, Spirit |
6 | Los Angeles, California | 635,000 | American, Delta, JetBlue |
7 | Chicago–O'Hare, Illinois | 620,000 | American, Spirit, United |
8 | Boston, Massachusetts | 566,000 | American, Delta, Frontier, JetBlue, Spirit |
9 | Charlotte, North Carolina | 506,000 | American, Spirit |
10 | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | 491,000 | American, Frontier, Spirit |
Rank | Airport | Passengers | Carriers |
---|---|---|---|
1 | London–Heathrow, United Kingdom | 976,245 | American, British Airways, Virgin Atlantic |
2 | Bogotá, Colombia | 926,465 | American, Avianca, LATAM |
3 | Panama City–Tocumen, Panama | 866,771 | American, Copa |
4 | Mexico City, Mexico | 818,337 | Aeroméxico, American, Volaris |
5 | São Paulo–Guarulhos, Brazil | 776,744 | American, LATAM Brasil |
6 | Lima, Peru | 773,377 | American, LATAM Peru, Sky Peru |
7 | Madrid, Spain | 732,582 | Air Europa, American, Iberia |
8 | Havana, Cuba | 603,949 | American, Delta |
9 | Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Argentina | 575,207 | Aerolíneas Argentinas, American |
10 | Cancún, Mexico | 557,331 | American, Frontier |
Airline market share
[edit]Rank | Airline | Passengers | Percent of market share |
---|---|---|---|
1 | American Airlines | 15,902,000 | 57.26% |
2 | Delta Air Lines | 3,031,000 | 10.89% |
3 | Spirit Airlines | 2,164,000 | 7.77% |
4 | Southwest Airlines | 1,592,000 | 5.72% |
5 | United Airlines | 1,586,000 | 5.59% |
6 | Other | 3,568,000 | 12.82% |
Annual traffic
[edit]![]() | Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Year | Passengers | Year | Passengers | Year | Passengers |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 33,621,273 | 2010 | 35,698,025 | 2020 | 18,663,858 |
2001 | 31,668,450 | 2011 | 38,314,389 | 2021 | 37,302,456 |
2002 | 30,060,241 | 2012 | 39,467,444 | 2022 | 50,684,396 |
2003 | 29,595,618 | 2013 | 40,562,948 | 2023 | 52,340,934 |
2004 | 30,165,197 | 2014 | 40,941,879 | ||
2005 | 31,008,453 | 2015 | 44,350,247 | ||
2006 | 32,553,974 | 2016 | 44,584,603 | ||
2007 | 33,740,416 | 2017 | 44,071,313 | ||
2008 | 34,063,531 | 2018 | 45,044,312 | ||
2009 | 33,886,025 | 2019 | 45,924,466 |
Accidents and incidents
[edit]- On January 22, 1952, an Aerodex Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar on a test flight crashed after takeoff due to engine failure, all 5 occupants were killed.[115]
- On August 4, 1952, a Curtiss C-46 Commando on a ferry flight crashed on approach to MIA because of the failure of the elevator control system, all 4 occupants died.[116]
- On March 25, 1958, Braniff International Airways Flight 971, a Douglas DC-7 crashed 5 km WNW of MIA after attempting to return to the airport because of an engine fire crashing into an open marsh, 9 passengers out of 24 on board were killed.[117]
- On October 2, 1959, a Vickers Viscount of Cubana de Aviación was hijacked on a flight from Havana to Antonio Maceo Airport, Santiago by three men demanding to be taken to the United States. The aircraft landed at Miami International Airport.[118]
- On February 12, 1963, Northwest Airlines Flight 705, a Boeing 720, crashed into the Everglades while en route from Miami to Portland, Oregon, via Chicago O'Hare, Spokane, and Seattle. All 43 passengers and crew died.
- On February 13, 1965, an Aerolíneas de El Salvador (AESA) Curtiss C-46 Commando, a cargo flight, had an engine failure shortly after takeoff and crashed into an automobile junkyard, and both occupants died.[119]
- On March 5, 1965, a Fruehaf Inc. Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar nosed down after takeoff due to elevator trim tab problems, and both occupants were killed.[120]
- On June 23, 1969, a Dominicana de Aviación Aviation Traders Carvair, a modified DC-4, en route to Santo Domingo was circling back to Miami International Airport with an engine fire when it crashed into buildings 1 mile short of Runway 27. All 4 crewmembers aboard the Carvair and 6 on the ground were killed.[121]
- On April 14, 1970, an Ecuatoriana de Aviacion Douglas DC-7, a cargo flight, crashed after takeoff from MIA beyond the runway and slid 890 feet before striking a concrete abutment, both occupants were killed.[122]
- On December 29, 1972, Eastern Air Lines Flight 401, a Lockheed L-1011, crashed into the Everglades. The plane had left JFK International Airport in New York City bound for Miami. There were 101 fatalities out of the 176 passengers and crew on board.[123] (This incident is the subject of the movie The Ghost of Flight 401.)
- On June 21, 1973, a Warnaco Inc. Douglas DC-7, a cargo flight, crashed into the Everglades 6 minutes after takeoff in heavy rain, wind, and lightning. All three occupants died.[124]
- On December 15, 1973, a Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation operated by Aircraft Pool Leasing Corp, a cargo flight, crashed 1.3 miles E of MIA because of overrotation of the aircraft causing a stall, crashing into a parking lot and several homes, all three occupants were killed, along with six on the ground.[125]
- On September 27, 1975, a Canadair CL-44 operated by Aerotransportes Entre Rios (AER), crashed after takeoff because of an external makeshift flight control lock on the right elevator, 4 crew and 2 passengers of the 10 on board died.[126]
- On January 15, 1977, a Douglas DC-3, registration N73KW of Air Sunshine crashed shortly after take-off on a domestic scheduled passenger flight to Key West International Airport, Florida. All 33 people on board survived.[127]
- On January 6, 1990, a Grecoair Lockheed JetStar crashed after aborting takeoff and exiting the runway, One occupant of the two on board died.[128]
- On May 11, 1996, ValuJet Airlines Flight 592, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9 crashed into the Everglades 10 minutes after taking off from MIA while en route to Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport after a fire broke out in the cargo hold, killing 110 people.
- On August 7, 1997, Fine Air Flight 101, a Douglas DC-8 cargo plane, crashed onto NW 72nd Avenue less than a mile (1.6 km) from the airport. All four occupants on board and one person on the ground were killed.
- On November 20, 2000, American Airlines Flight 1291, an Airbus A300 en route to Port-au-Prince, Haiti, returned to Miami following a cabin depressurization. During the evacuation one of the emergency exit doors explosively opened, killing a flight attendant.[129]
- On September 15, 2015, Qatar Airways Flight 778 to Doha overran Runway 9 during takeoff and collided with the approach lights for Runway 27. The collision, which went unnoticed during the 13.5-hour flight, tore a 18-inch (46 cm) hole in the pressure vessel of the Boeing 777-300ER aircraft just behind the rear cargo door. The crew was confused by a printout from an onboard computer and erroneously began takeoff on Runway 9 at the intersection of Taxiway T1 rather than at the end of the runway, which trimmed roughly 1,370 m (4,490 ft) from the length of the runway available for takeoff.[130][131]
- On June 21, 2022, RED Air Flight 203 departed from Las Américas International Airport in the Dominican Republic at 3:36 pm. The aircraft landed at Miami International Airport on runway 09 at 5:38 pm with their McDonnell Douglas MD-82. Once the aircraft landed, the left main landing gear collapsed, causing the MD-82 to skid off the runway before coming to a halt on the side of runway 09. The damage included the broken right main landing gear was broken, extreme damage to the nose, and a fire on the right wing. There were no reported casualties; three passengers were left with minor injuries.
- On January 18, 2024, Atlas Air Flight 095, a cargo Boeing 747-87UF, N859GT en route to San Juan, experienced an engine fire shortly after takeoff from Miami International Airport. The plane safely returned to the airport and made an emergency landing within 15 minutes of takeoff.[132]
See also
[edit]- Transportation in South Florida
- List of the busiest airports in the United States
- List of tallest air traffic control towers in the United States
References
[edit]- ^ Liu, Jim (June 1, 2023). "Norse Atlantic begins Miami service from Sep 2023". AeroRoutes. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
- ^ a b c FAA Airport Form 5010 for MIA PDF, effective January 25, 2024.
- ^ "MIA Airport 2023 Yearly Traffic Report". miami-airport.com. Retrieved February 14, 2024.
- ^ "2020 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Miami-Dade County, FL" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. p. 31 (PDF p. 32/154). Retrieved August 13, 2022.
Miami International Arprt
- ^ STAT Times (April 14, 2022). "MIA ranked America's busiest international cargo airport, again". Stattimes.com. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
- ^ "Miami International Airport sets new record for cargo shipments in 2020". February 3, 2021.
- ^ "MIA ranked America's busiest international airport".
- ^ "MIA ranked America's busiest international airport".
- ^ "Miami busiest international airport cargo - Yahoo Search Results".
- ^ "Miami Dominates US to Latin America and Caribbean". anna.aero Airline News & Analysis. April 27, 2010. Archived from the original on May 2, 2010. Retrieved April 27, 2010.
- ^ "MIA airport data at skyvector.com". skyvector.com. Retrieved August 23, 2022.
- ^ Freeman, Paul. "Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Florida: Central Miami Area". Archived from the original on February 7, 2016. Retrieved February 5, 2016.
- ^ a b History of Miami International Airport (PDF). Miami-Dade Aviation Department. 2020.
- ^ a b c d Petzinger, Thomas (1996). Hard Landing: The Epic Contest For Power and Profits That Plunged the Airlines into Chaos. Random House. ISBN 978-0-307-77449-1.
- ^ Stieghorst, Tom (January 12, 1991). "Concorde Flights Cut To Miami". Sun Sentinel. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved November 29, 2013.
- ^ a b "MIA0485". www.departedflights.com. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
- ^ "MIA89". www.departedflights.com. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
- ^ "PAMIA0591". www.departedflights.com. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
- ^ "AAMIAhub". www.departedflights.com. Archived from the original on July 16, 2018. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
- ^ "New Cape Town service". South Florida Sun Sentinel. December 6, 1992. p. 12J. Retrieved January 14, 2023.
- ^ Carden, Lisa (December 13, 1992). "Trip tips: News and advice for better traveling". The Orlando Sentinel. p. H1. Retrieved January 14, 2023.
- ^ Stieghorst, Tom (January 27, 2000). "S. African flights arriving soon". South Florida Sun Sentinel. pp. 1D, 2D.
- ^ "South African Airways will fly into Fort Lauderdale". The Miami Herald. January 27, 2000. p. 3B. Retrieved January 15, 2023.
- ^ "Miami International Airport Says It's Cleaning Up North Terminal Mess". Miami Today. April 17, 2008. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
- ^ "Miami Int'l Nears Completion of $2.94 Billion North Terminal | Airport Improvement Magazine". airportimprovement.com. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
- ^ a b "UAMIAhub". www.departedflights.com. Archived from the original on July 16, 2018. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
- ^ "United Plans Flight, Staff Cuts in Miami". South Florida Business Journal. January 23, 2004. Archived from the original on October 26, 2012. Retrieved July 7, 2012.
- ^ "TRAVEL ADVISORY; Iberia Plans 9 New Routes At Miami Hub". The New York Times. March 22, 1992. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 15, 2018. Retrieved December 10, 2017.
- ^ "Miami Set to Open 'Sterile Corridor': Travel Weekly". www.travelweekly.com. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
- ^ "Iberia To Shut Americas Hub At Mia". tribunedigital-sunsentinel. Archived from the original on December 10, 2017. Retrieved December 10, 2017.
- ^ "Miami International Airport Wins Approval for $5 Billion in Modernization Projects". June 5, 2019. Archived from the original on June 8, 2019. Retrieved September 12, 2019.
- ^ "Miami International Airport Gets $5 Billion Expansion Boost". June 5, 2019. Archived from the original on October 17, 2021. Retrieved September 12, 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Terminal Gates - Miami International Airport". Miami: Miami-Dade Aviation Department. Retrieved March 22, 2021.
- ^ a b "VIP Clubs & Lounges". Miami: Miami-Dade Aviation Department. Retrieved March 22, 2021.
- ^ "History of Miami International Airport".
- ^ "Miami International Airport History - Airliners.net".
- ^ "Airline Directory". Miami: Miami-Dade Aviation Department.
- ^ "Update Coming On Amtrak To Miami Intermodal Center Later This Month". February 14, 2022. Retrieved June 25, 2022.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Miami International Airport :: MIA Rental Car Center (RCC) :: Miami-Dade County". Miami: Miami-Dade Department of Aviation. Archived from the original on May 11, 2015. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ "Airport Flyer". Miami-Dade Transit. Archived from the original on August 29, 2012. Retrieved September 16, 2012.
- ^ "Tri-Rail Tickets & Fares". Archived from the original on April 15, 2018. Retrieved June 27, 2013.
- ^ "Centurion Cargo". Archived from the original on February 6, 2016. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
- ^ "American's Miami Hub". American Airlines. Archived from the original on November 15, 2009. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
- ^ "Timetables". Aer Lingus. Archived from the original on February 19, 2017. Retrieved May 3, 2017.
- ^ "Flight Schedules". Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
- ^ "Timetables". Aeroméxico. Archived from the original on November 19, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
- ^ a b "Flight Schedules". Air Canada. Archived from the original on March 23, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
- ^ "Air Europa Map". Archived from the original on August 5, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
- ^ "Air France flight schedule". Air France. Archived from the original on November 16, 2017. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
- ^ "City to city flights". www.alaskaair.com. Retrieved November 7, 2021.
- ^ "American Airlines Enhances Winter Schedule with 8 Exciting New Routes to Latin America and the Caribbean". Travel and Tour World. Retrieved May 17, 2024.
- ^ a b "Flight schedules and notifications". Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
- ^ "Palm trees and 80 degrees: American Airlines adds more ways to visit Miami with record-breaking winter schedule". American Airlines Newsroom. Retrieved July 13, 2023.
- ^ "Airport joy". Jamaica Observer. Retrieved October 23, 2023.
- ^ "American Adds Flights to South Caicos, Turks & Caicos". onemileatatime. Retrieved July 14, 2024.
- ^ a b "Check itineraries". Archived from the original on June 20, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
- ^ "Bahamasair". Archived from the original on March 29, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
- ^ "Flight Status". Archived from the original on April 8, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
- ^ "British Airways - Timetables". Archived from the original on February 27, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
- ^ "Caribbean Airlines Route Map". Archived from the original on September 27, 2021. Retrieved September 29, 2021.
- ^ "Flight Schedule". Archived from the original on March 5, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
- ^ "Condor NS24 North America service changes – 24DEC23". Aeroroutes. December 29, 2023.
- ^ condor.com – Flight schedule (German) retrieved November 3, 2021
- ^ "Flight Schedule". Archived from the original on August 10, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
- ^ "Delta deepens leisure footprint with new routes to Hawaii and Miami". Delta News Hub. February 16, 2024.
- ^ a b "FLIGHT SCHEDULES". Archived from the original on June 21, 2015. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
- ^ "Flight Schedule". El Al. Archived from the original on November 18, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
- ^ "Emirates to expand South American network with Bogotá launch". The STAT Trade Times. February 21, 2024. Retrieved February 21, 2024.
- ^ "Emirates to launch new service to Miami International Airport" (Press release).
- ^ "Flight Schedule". Archived from the original on July 11, 2018. Retrieved April 30, 2018.
- ^ "French Bee inauguró sus vuelos a los Ángeles y anunció a Miami como nuevo destino". May 3, 2022.
- ^ "Frontier Airlines Announces New Service from San Juan to Barbados and Santiago, Dominican Republic, Plus Charlotte to Miami". April 23, 2024.
- ^ "Frontier". Archived from the original on September 12, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
- ^ "Gol Route Map and Destinations - FlightConnections". www.flightconnections.com. Retrieved November 3, 2021.
- ^ "Flight times - Iberia". Archived from the original on March 17, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
- ^ "ITA Airways network". Archived from the original on October 16, 2021. Retrieved January 3, 2024.
- ^ "JetBlue Airlines Timetable". B6.innosked.com. Archived from the original on July 13, 2013. Retrieved March 29, 2017.
- ^ "View the Timetable". KLM. Archived from the original on September 12, 2017. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e "Flight Status - LATAM Airlines". Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
- ^ "LEVEL arrives in South Florida with Barcelona-Miami Flights". Aviacionline. Retrieved September 19, 2023.
- ^ "Our Destinations". Flylevel.com.
- ^ "Timetables". LOT Polish Airlines. Archived from the original on May 6, 2017. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
- ^ "Timetable - Lufthansa Canada". Lufthansa. Archived from the original on November 9, 2017. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
- ^ "Where We Fly". flynorse.com.
- ^ "Where We Fly". Porter Airlines.
- ^ "Flight timetable". Archived from the original on October 4, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
- ^ Sena, Gastón (January 26, 2022). "RED Air starts to sell tickets from Santo Domingo to Miami" (in Spanish). Retrieved June 21, 2022.
- ^ "Flight Schedules". Archived from the original on August 5, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2018.
- ^ "Timetable - SAS". Archived from the original on March 17, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
- ^ "SKY lanza nueva ruta entre Lima y Miami". April 18, 2022. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
- ^ "Sky High Aviation Services announces flights to Miami". August 14, 2022.
- ^ a b "SOUTHWEST ADDS MORE FLIGHTS FOR POPULAR EVENTS; PUBLISHES INITIAL REDEYE SERVICE AND NEW ROUTES SPANNING THE COUNTRY". Fox44News. Retrieved July 26, 2024.
- ^ "Southwest Airlines Oct/Nov 2024 Network Additions". Aeroroutes. Retrieved June 6, 2024.
- ^ "Check Flight Schedules". Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved April 13, 2018.
- ^ "Spirit Airlines Aug – Oct 2024 Removed Routes Summary – 19MAY24". Aeroroutes. Retrieved May 21, 2024.
- ^ "Where We Fly". Spirit Airlines. Archived from the original on December 23, 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
- ^ "Route Map & Flight Schedule". Archived from the original on August 15, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
- ^ "Surinam Airways Increases Miami service From mid-Dec 2023". Aeroroutes. Retrieved December 2, 2023.
- ^ "Timetable". Archived from the original on March 17, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
- ^ "All Destinations". TAP Portugal. Archived from the original on May 12, 2017. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
- ^ "Online Flight Schedule". Turkish Airlines. Archived from the original on April 10, 2019. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
- ^ "Timetable". Archived from the original on January 28, 2017. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "Interactive flight map". Archived from the original on April 24, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
- ^ "New Destinations from Mérida". Viva Aerobus (in Spanish). October 2023. Retrieved October 2, 2023.
- ^ "Viva Aerobus announces the greatest growth in the aerial history of Monterrey". EnElAire (in Spanish). September 2023. Retrieved September 27, 2023.
- ^ "Our Destination | VivaAerobus". Retrieved August 5, 2018.
- ^ "Volaris Flight Schedule". Archived from the original on February 27, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
- ^ "Volaris El Salvador late-1Q23 US Network Expansion". Aeroroutes. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
- ^ "ABX Air Flight schedule - Check Flight schedules of ABX Air". www.flightpedia.org. Retrieved November 2, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r "MIA Freighter Service to 101 Cities - 4th Quarter 2021" (PDF). Miami International Airport. September 28, 2021. Retrieved November 2, 2021.
- ^ "Atlas Air Schedule". Atlas Air. Retrieved December 19, 2023.
- ^ "WESTJET CARGO NS23 NETWORK – 26MAR23". AeroRoutes. March 26, 2023. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
- ^ a b c "Miami, FL: Miami International (MIA)". Bureau of Transportation Statistics. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
- ^ Miami International Airport (March 2019). "Airport Statistics". Archived from the original on April 4, 2019. Retrieved March 1, 2019.
- ^ Accident description for N3927C at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ Accident description for N79096 at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ Accident description for N5904 at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ "Hijacking description". Aviation Safety Network. Archived from the original on October 25, 2012. Retrieved September 1, 2009.
- ^ Accident description for YS-012C at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ Accident description for N300N at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ Accident description for HI-168 at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ Accident description for HC-AON at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ Accident description for N627WS at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ Accident description for N296 at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ Accident description for N6917C at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ Accident description for LV-JSY at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ "N73KW Accident Description". Aviation Safety Network. Archived from the original on November 2, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2010.
- ^ Accident description for N96GS at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ Ranter, Harro. "Accident Airbus A300B4-605R N14056, 20 Nov 2000". www.aviation-safety.net. Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
- ^ Hradecky, Simon (September 17, 2015). "Accident: Qatar B773 at Miami on September 15th, 2015, overran the runway on takeoff run and struck approach lights on departure". Aviation Herald. Archived from the original on September 28, 2015. Retrieved March 14, 2017.
- ^ Preliminary Report 001/2015 (PDF) (Report). Qatar Civil Aviation Authority. December 7, 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 13, 2017. Retrieved March 14, 2017.
- ^ Murphy, Pete Muntean, LJ Spaet, Holly Yan, Paul P. (January 19, 2024). "A cargo plane is forced to land in Miami after a reported engine fire shot flames through the sky". CNN. Retrieved January 19, 2024.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
External links
[edit]![](http://up.wiki.x.io/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Official website
- FAA Airport Diagram (PDF), effective August 8, 2024
- Resources for this airport:
- AirNav airport information for KMIA
- ASN accident history for MIA
- FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker
- NOAA/NWS weather observations: current, past three days
- SkyVector aeronautical chart for KMIA
- FAA current MIA delay information
- Miami International Airport - Flight Information