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Lagpunkt

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A lagpunkt (Russian: Отдельный лагерный пункт, лагерный пункт, лагпункт), literally "camp point", may be translated as "subcamp" or "camp site" was a separate settlement subordinated to a major Gulag forced labor camp. Lagpunkts were convenient to decrease the time and hassle of transport of inmates to remote job sites.[1] At the same time this remoteness created difficulties for the delivery of food supplies, especially in winter.[2]

Anne Appelbaum in her Gulag: A History occasionally translates the term as "base camp", along with using the Russian term.[2] Other authors use the term "base camp" for the main location of the camp.[3]

Many camps, especially operating logging had big number of lagpunkts to man work in a particular areas. Some of them did not have a name, only number and housed about a 100 of inmates.[4][5] In general, lagpunkts were of varying sizes: from several dozen to several thousand inmates. Their lifetime also varied greatly: some existed from 1920s into 1980s (when were converted into prisons or colonies), while others lasted for a summer season only or, keeping the number, moved to another location.[2]

Anne Appelbaum remarks that most descriptions of Gulag geography report about 500 locations, but in fact there was much more than that: many major camps had from dozens to hundreds smaller sub-units, which are close to impossible to count.[2]

There were other terms for temporary job locations of labor camp: kolonna ("column", in reference of "worker columns' of a labor army) a lagpunkt for road construction; komandirovka (work trip; modern translation of the term: business trip); distantsiya ("distance"), for railroad construction camp detachments.[1]

References

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  1. ^ a b Jacques Rossi, The Gulag Handbook
  2. ^ a b c d Anne Appelbaum, Gulag: A History
  3. ^ Lynne Viola, "Historicising the Gulag" in: Global Convict Labour, doi:10.1163/9789004285026_015
  4. ^ Отдельный лагерный пункт (ОЛП)
  5. ^ Konstantin Bakharev, "Празднование юбилея Усольского ИТЛ стало причиной противоречий", Rossiyskaya Gazeta, February 5, 2013