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Grobogan Regency

Coordinates: 7°01′48″S 110°55′16″E / 7.03°S 110.9211°E / -7.03; 110.9211
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Grobogan Regency
Kabupaten Grobogan
Other transcription(s)
 • Javaneseꦒꦿꦺꦴꦧꦺꦴꦒ꧀ꦒꦤ꧀
Welcome to Purwodadi sign
Welcome to Purwodadi sign
Coat of arms of Grobogan Regency
Motto(s): 
Grobogan Bersemi
acronym of Bersih, Sehat, Mantap, Indah
(Clean, Healthy, Steady, Beautiful)
Location within Central Java
Location within Central Java
Grobogan Regency is located in Java
Grobogan Regency
Grobogan Regency
Location in Java and Indonesia
Grobogan Regency is located in Indonesia
Grobogan Regency
Grobogan Regency
Grobogan Regency (Indonesia)
Coordinates: 7°01′48″S 110°55′16″E / 7.03°S 110.9211°E / -7.03; 110.9211
CountryIndonesia
RegionJava
ProvinceCentral Java
Founded4 March 1726; 298 years ago (1726-03-04)
Regency seatPurwodadi
Government
 • RegentSri Sumarni
 • Vice RegentBambang Pujiyanto
Area
 • Total2,023.84 km2 (781.41 sq mi)
Population
 (mid 2023 estimate)
 • Total1,514,301
 • Density750/km2 (1,900/sq mi)
 [1]
Demographics
 • Ethnic groupsJavanese, Chinese
 • ReligionIslam, Christian, Hindu, Buddhism and traditional Javanese beliefs
 • LanguagesIndonesian, Javanese
Time zoneWIB (UTC+7)
Area code+62 292
Vehicle registrationK
Websitegrobogan.go.id

Grobogan Regency (Javanese: ꦒꦿꦺꦴꦧꦺꦴꦒ꧀ꦒꦤ꧀) is a regency (Indonesian: kabupaten) located in northeastern part of the Central Java province in Indonesia. Created on 4 March 1726, the Grobogan Regency has an area of 2,023.84 km2, and is the second largest regency in the Central Java Province. It had a population of 1,308,696 at the 2010 census[2] and 1,453,526 at the 2020 census;[3] the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 1,514,301 (comprising 761,591 males and 752,710 females).[1] Its capital is the town of Purwodadi.

Administrative districts

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Grobogan is divided into nineteen districts, listed below with their areas and populations at the 2010 census[2] and the 2020 census,[3] together with the official estimates as at mid 2023.[1] The most westerly twelve of these districts (with a combined population of 888,581 at the 2020 census) lie within the officially defined Semarang Metropolitan Area (known as Kedungsepur); the remaining seven districts to the east (indicated by asterisks (*) following their names in the table below) are outside the Semarang Metropolitan Area. The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages in each district (totaling 273 rural desa and 7 urban kelurahan), and its postal code.

Kode
Wilayah
Name of
District
(kecamatan)
Area
in
km2
Pop'n
2010
census
Pop'n
2020
census
Pop'n
mid 2023
estimate
Admin
centre
No.
of
villages
Post
code
33.15.01 Kedungjati 145.29 39,608 43,720 45,530 Kedungjati 12 58167
33.15.02 Karangrayung 144.27 87,457 99,547 105,057 Sumberjosari 19 58163
33.15.03 Penawangan 75.23 57,359 64,148 67,551 Penawangan 20 58161
33.15.04 Toroh 126.72 104,301 116,975 121,327 Sindurejo 16 58171
33.15.05 Geyer 205.14 60,108 66,164 68,584 Geyer 13 58172
33.15.06 Pulokulon * 136.95 93,501 109,192 113,786 Panunggalan 13 58181
33.15.07 Kradenan * 111.66 74,026 82,396 86,048 Kalisari 14 58182
33.15.08 Gabus * 163.93 67,523 74,103 76,275 Tlogotirto 14 58183
33.15.09 Ngaringan * 119.15 64,101 70,006 72,065 Ngaringan 12 58193
33.15.10 Wirosari * 151.02 83,309 92,757 96,834 Wirosari 14 (a) 58192
33.15.11 Tawangharjo * 93.06 52,811 58,483 60,856 Pojok 10 58191
33.15.12 Grobogan * 101.49 71,265 78,008 81,432 Grobogan 12 (b) 58152
33.15.13 Purwodadi
(town)
78.18 128,452 139,387 144,223 Purwodadi 17 (c) 58111 -
58114
33.15.14 Brati 56.56 44,779 50,482 52,748 Kronggen 9 58153
33.15.15 Klambu 52.35 33,957 38,554 40,096 Klambu 9 58154
33.15.16 Godong 92.93 76,984 87,028 89,915 Godong 28 58162
33.15.17 Gubug 65.52 74,915 83,725 87,899 Gubug 21 58164
33.15.18 Tegowanu 54.26 50,730 56,793 60,139 Tegowanu Wetan 18 58165
33.15.19 Tanggungharjo 50.13 38,510 42,058 43,936 Tanggungharjo 9 58166
Totals 2,023.84 1,308,696 1,453,526 1,514,301 Purwodadi 280

Notes: (a) including the 2 kelurahan of Wirosari and Kunden. (b) including the kelurahan of Grobogan. (c) including the 4 kelurahan of Purwodadi, Danyang, Kalongan and Kuripan.

The western part of Grobogan Regency within the defined Semarang Metropolitan Area covers an area of 1,145.58 km2 and had a population of 927,005 in mid 2023; the eastern part of the regency (outside the Semarang Metropolitan Area) covers 877.26 km2 and had a population of 587,296 in mid 2023.[1]

Bordering Grobogan Regency to the north are the Demak, Pati and Kudus Regencies, to the east is Blora Regency, to the south are the Ngawi (East Java Province), Sragen and Boyolali Regencies and to the west is Semarang Regency. The government of the regency is led by a regent, currently Sri Sumarni.[4]

History

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Grobogan Regency became the center of the Mataram kingdom with its capital in Medhang Kamulan or Sumedang Purwocarito or Purwodadi. The capital was later moved to around town Prambanan as Mamratipura or Poh Pitu or Watugaluh.

During the time of Medang and Kahuripan, the Grobogan region was important to the country. Later, in the time of Majapahit, Demak, and Pajang, Grobogan was always associated with the folklore of Ki Ageng Sela, Ki Ageng Tarub, Bondan Kejawan, and the story of Aji Saka.

During the Islamic Mataram kingdom, the Grobogan region were included as Mancanegara and had become the co-ordinative area of Regent Nayoko Ponorogo: Adipati Surodiningrat. In the times of War Prangwadanan and War Mangkubumen, the region was a power base of Prince Prangwedana (Raden Mas Said) and Prince Mangkubumi.

Grobogan region covers the Sukowati area north of Bengawan Solo, Warung, Sela, Kuwu, Teras Karas, Cengkal Sewu, and even to the northern Kedu (Schrieke, II, 1957: 76: 91). Sukowati area is then partially included to Sragen regency. Bumi Kejawen, Sukowati, Sukodono, Glagah, Tlawah, Pinggir, Jekawal, and others. Areas such as Repaking, Ngleses, Gubug, South Kedungjati, Kemusu, are included to Boyolali Regency.

Meanwhile, the areas which then included to Grobogan Regency are : Purwodadi, Grobogan, Kuwu, sela, Teras Karas, Medang Kamulan, Warung (Wirosari), Wirasaba (Saba), Tarub, Getas, and more.

Later, the provision of the Giyanti Agreement (1755) stated, as a Mancanegara region, Grobogan were included as Sultanate, with Madiun, half of Pacitan, Magetan, Caruban, Jipang (Bojonegoro), Teras Karas (Ngawen), Sela, Warung (Kuwu-Wirosari). (Sukanto, 1958: 5–6).

A then based on the agreement between the GG Daendels with PAA Amangkunegara in Yogyakarta, dated January 10, 1811, it was stipulated that the money-shore that should be paid by the Dutch Government is deleted. Second, a part of Kedu (Grobogan area), some areas in Semarang, Demak, Jepara, Salatiga, Grobogan districts, Wirosari, Sesela, Warung, daerah-daerah Jipang, dan Japan were submitted to the Dutch Government. And third, areas around Boyolali, Galo, and the district Cawer Wetan were given to Yogyakarta (Ibid.: 77).

During the Diponegoro War, the area of Grobogan, Purwodadi, Wirosari, Mangor (?), Demak, Kudus, lost in the fire of war against the Dutch (Sagimun MD, 1960: 32, 331–332).

In 1848–1850, as a result of a famine, the population of Grobogan dropped substantially, from 89,000 in 1848 to only 9,000 in 1850.[5]

Geography

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Bledug Kuwu mud volcano, Central Java, Indonesia.

Grobogan is a flat valley lying between two mountains, Pegunungan Kendeng to the south and Pegunungan Kapur Utara to the north. Although the town is known to be very hot during the dry season, Grobogan is one of the main rice producers in Central Java, which mainly supported by several man-made dams, such as Bendungan Klambu, Bendungan Sedadi and Bendungan Kedung Ombo.

The construction of Bendungan Kedung Ombo was a source of national debate due to the social cost of this gigantesque project supported be the World Bank. The two main rivers are Kali Lusi (or Pilang) and Kali Serang. During the rainy seasons, the two rivers cause floods which often destroys the harvests.

Religion

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Similar to other regencies in Java, Islam is the dominant religion, with significant presence of Christianity - both Protestant and Catholic, Hindu, and Buddhism. In some places, one can still find traditional beliefs, Aliran kepercayaan and Kejawen. There are two Catholic Parishes, Paroki Purwodadi and Paroki Gubug, which are administered by Semarang Diocese (Keuskupan Agung Semarang).

Education

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Most of the schools are public schools. The private educations mainly are provided by the Madrassah, Muhammadiyah, both are Muslim, as well as by Protestant institution and The Union of Teachers of the Republic of Indonesia (PGRI - Persatuan Guru Republic Indonesia). There is almost no higher learning institution in Purwodadi. The senior high school participation is still low (21.19% in 2004) in 58,13 for the junior high school participation.

Economy

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Agriculture and public sectors are the main providers of labor market. There is no significant industry, while the mining sectors remain insignificant for the economy of the regions. Many male young people work as seasonal workers in bigger cities like Semarang and Jakarta as construction workers, tricyclists (tukang becak) and other unskilled occupations. While for their female counterparts, they work in manufacture industries. In the recent years, the numbers of female migrant workers have increased significantly with the main destination in Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, and Gulf Countries. There is a possibility of brain drain in Purwodadi, since those who are highly educated tend to find a better and more promising career outside the region or abroad.

The per capita income in 2004 is Rp 611.968,49 (around 70 US$). Formerly known as one of the poorest regencies in Central Java, Grobogan now is the 18 in the economic scale, out of 35 regencies. However, 34.05% of its population in 2004 lived below the poverty line.

Arts and culture

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Located between Surakarta (Solo City and Demak), Grobogan has been a strong influence of both the more direct Islam Culture from the Sultane of Demak and more subtle culture of Kingdom of Surakarta (Kasunanan Surakarta). This has been reflected in its traditional arts and performances, such as Shadow Puppet (Wayang Kulit), Javanese Theatre (Kethoprak). Although they almost disappear from the local society, those two forms of performances can still be easily found in different parts of Central Java. Other forms of cultural performances are almost wiped out from the live of Groboganese, such as Angguk, Kentrung, Ledhek/Tayup, Barongan and Reyog. Angguk was performed mainly by a group of young girls aged between 13 and 17 years, doing a marching dance inspired by the different forms of old Dutch army and royal army from Demak and Surakarta. Kentrung is a story telling in a form of songs performed by a man with the accompaniment of a traditional percussion (kendang). The stories were mainly based on the local history or the history of Muhammad. Ledhek/Tayub is a group of Javanese musicians and singer-dancers which was very popular due to their sensual gestures. Apart from the sensual gestures of the dancers, Tayup was/is also famous since they involve/invite the spectators to dance along with them. This kind of participative performance is rare in the Javanese context. Barongan is a Javanese version of Barongsay, the dance of Dragon, where the influence of Chinese culture can be seen from the form of the dragon, the use of the dominance red color. The difference with the Barongsay, Barongan normally presided Reyog, a trance dance. Reyog in Purwodadi was different with the more extravagance Reyog of Ponorogo. In the middle of the trance, some of the dancers could involve the eating of broken glasses and raw skins of rice (brambut).

Other examples of cultural performances were related with the life cycle rites such as Kathaman and Ngantenan. Khataman is a circumcision ceremony in which it is used as a symbol of a young boy's entrance into adulthood. Normally, Kathaman is applied only to Muslim boys. The boy would be dressed with a dress like an Arab Sheikh, and taken by horse from his house to the nearby mosque. This procession is accompanied with Islamic music. Ngantenan is basically the wedding ceremony, which we can see clearly the influence of Hindu culture. Nevertheless, while welcoming the invitee, the bride and groom would be put at the center of the house with brights and colourful costumes including the traditional Javanese costumes, Arabic costumes, and supposed to be modern western costumes with sun-glasses. They can change up to seven costumes within 6 hours.

It is very unfortunate, that most of these tradition has almost all disappeared due to coming of more global and uniformed culture. Kethoprak, Kentrung, Angguk, Barongan and Reyog were used to be the expressions of thanks of the people during the wedding or other important ceremonies. Now they have been replaced either by video-movies, or by Dangdut concerts.

In early 80s, Purwodadi had two cinemas, Bioskop Kencana, located right in the commercial center of the town, and Bioskop Simpang Lima, in the southern part of the town, not so far from Simpang Lima roundabout. Unfortunately, due to the presence of television and video (and now VCD and DVD players), now, both cinemas do not have activities. The outdoor cinema, more known as Layar Tancep, once used to be a source of entertainment in the villages around the town, which the organiser was invited by the village authority for special occasions to the villagers. This type of cinema has also faded away.

Cuisine

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The regency is famous for its Swikee or Sweekee, a soup of frog legs. In fact, Swikee is a Chinese term for the soup, perhaps introduced by the Chinese community in the region. Normally the soup is well accompanied by dark and sweet Soya sauce (Kecap Manis), which is also the specialty of the town. However, the dish is more known by those who live in the city center rather than in villages. The frogs can be found easily during the wet seasons, among the rice fields or in the bank of Lusi river. The poor villagers will tend to sell the frogs in the market. They are rather happy to consume the fresh water crabs (called Yuyu in Javanese which is smaller in size than their cousin from the sea) and fresh water snail (Keong/Besusul). The soup of water crabs (Jangan Yuyu) is normally prepared during the rainy season before the rice harvests. This soup is very rich in taste and has very high protein content. However, this delicacy can not be found in any restaurant but easily found in farmers’ household. The soup of snail (Jangan Keong) is also another delicacy that can not be found in any restaurant in Indonesia, nevertheless, the similar dish can be found in Lisbon, Portugal. The snails are also prepared as brochette/satay (Sate Keong).

Access and transportation

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By bus, Purwodadi Bus Terminal (Terminal Simpang Lima) has direct lines to Semarang, Jakarta (Pulogadung, Lebak Bulus, Tanjung Priok, Kampung Rambutan, Pasar Rebo), Bekasi (Pondok Gede), Tangerang (Ciputat, Ciledug), Bogor (Parung), Solo (Tirtonadi), Kudus, Demak, Blora, Pati, Malang (Arjosari), Denpasar, Bali (Ubung), and Surabaya. The train station in the city center was closed in the early eighties, and the main train station now is Ngrombo in Toroh District (+/- 8 km south of Town center), which is the part of DAOP 4 Semarang. The closest airports are A Yani Airport in Semarang (+/- 60 km west of Purwodadi), and Adi Sumarmo International Airport in Solo City (south of Purwodadi).

References

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  1. ^ a b c d Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, Kabupaten Grobogan Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3315)
  2. ^ a b Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
  3. ^ a b Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
  4. ^ Nurdin, Nazar (2016-03-21). "Dilantik, Bupati Perempuan Ini "Ditodong" Bikin Akun Twitter". Kompas.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-03-17.
  5. ^ Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Kelas VIII. Kemendikbud. 2017. p. 228. ISBN 978-602-282-093-2.
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