Borrego Sink
| Borrego Sink San Gregorio campsite | |
|---|---|
 Borrego Sink and Borrego Valley Groundwater Table | |
| Location | Borrego Sink Anza-Borrego Desert State Park |
| Coordinates | 33°13′19″N 116°16′12″W / 33.222°N 116.270°W |
| Built | 1775 |
| Designated | February 16, 1959 |
| Reference no. | 673 |
  Location of Borrego Sink San Gregorio campsite in California  Borrego Sink (the United States) | |
San Gregorio campsite at the Borrego Sink in the Borrego Valley, Borrego Springs, California, in San Diego County, is a California Historical Landmark No. 673 listed on February 16, 1959. The San Gregorio campsite was a desert camp for the Spanish Commander Juan Bautista de Anza's expedition of 1775 and 1776. The expedition passed through the Imperial Valley then through the Colorado Desert, now Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. The expedition's goal was to start Spanish missions in California and presidio forts through Las Californias to San Francisco Bay. The expedition route is now the Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail.
At the Anza San Gregorio campsite in the Colorado Desert, the Anza Expeditions stopped and dug deep wells in a dry wash to get water for the expedition and its stock of mules, cattle, and 140 horses.[1] The underground water at Borrego Sink comes when Coyote Creek is flowing, Coyote Creek runs down the valley into Borrego Sink. During rain storms the Borrego Sink can turn in to a swallow lake or a vast mud flat. Coyote Creek is the only reliably perennial creek in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. Coyote Creek is 18 miles (29 km) long and runs from the city of Anza, California to Borrego Sink. Borrego Sink is at an elevation of 455 feet (138 meters) at the low spot of the Borrego Valley. Coyote Creek supports Desert bighorn sheep and a desert riparian zone. Coyote Creek is divided up into three zones Upper Willows, Middle Willows, and Lower Willows. The Coyote Creek riparian zone supports: narrow-leaf willow (Salix exigua), Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii), western sycamore (Platanus racemosa), arrowweed (Tessaria sericea), white alder (Alnus rhombifolia), mulefat (Baccharis glutinosa), honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa), and tamarisk (Tamarix ramosissima an invasive species). In a few spots palms (Washingtonia filifera) grow. Coyote Creek riparian zone supports seasonal birds: Bell's vireo, Black-crowned night heron, green-backed heron, common yellowthroat, American kestrel, yellow-breasted chat, black-tailed gnatcatcher, blue grosbeak, downy woodpecker, willow flycatcher, yellow warbler, prairie falcon, red-shouldered hawk, and the black-shouldered kite.[2] The Cahuilla tribe lived along Coyote Creek in the past.[3][4]
A Historical marker is near the campsite in the desert at Borrego Sink, 3 Miles Southeast of Palm Canyon and Peg Leg Roads in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park.[5]
See also
[edit]
- California Historical Landmarks in San Diego County
- Borrego Valley groundwater basin
- Box Canyon (Borrego Springs, California)
External links
[edit]- Anza-Borrego Desert State Park Official website – National Park Service
- Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail – detailed Maps by County
- Anza Trail Foundation
- Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail – BLM page
References
[edit]- ^ "San Gregorio #673". Office of Historic Preservation, California State Parks. Retrieved 2012-10-07.
- ^ A Survey of the Birds of Riparian Habitats, Anza-Borrego Desert, by Wier, Harold A., and Barry Jones, 1986
- ^ COYOTE CREEK (SAN DIEGO COUNTY) MANAGEMENT AND RESTORATION AT ANZA-BORREGO DESERT STATE PARK, by David H. Van Cleve, Lyann A. Comrack and Harold A. Wier, fs.usda.gov
- ^ "Basin Boundary Modification Request System". sgma.water.ca.gov. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
- ^ "San Gregorio Historical Marker". www.hmdb.org.