Foreign relations of Armenia
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Since its independence, Armenia has maintained a policy of trying to have positive and friendly relations with Iran, Russia, and the West, including the United States and the European Union.[1] It has full membership status in a number of international organizations, such as the Council of Europe and the Eurasian Economic Union, and observer status, etc. in some others. However, the dispute over the Armenian genocide of 1915 and the ongoing Nagorno-Karabakh conflict have created tense relations with two of its immediate neighbors, Azerbaijan and Turkey.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs implements the foreign policy agenda of the Government of Armenia and organizes and manages diplomatic services abroad. Since August 2021, Ararat Mirzoyan has served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
Foreign relations
[edit]Armenia is a member of more than 70 different international organizations, including the following:
- Asian Development Bank
- Collective Security Treaty Organization and the Commonwealth of Independent States
- Council of Europe
- The EU's Eastern Partnership and the Euronest Parliamentary Assembly
- The UN's Eastern European Group
- Eurocontrol
- European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
- European Political Community
- Eurasian Economic Union
- Eurasian Development Bank and the Eurasian Customs Union
- Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges
- International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
- International Monetary Fund
- Interpol
- La Francophonie
- NATO's Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council, Individual Partnership Action Plan, and Partnership for Peace
- Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
- Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation
- TRACECA
- United Nations
- World Bank, the World Customs Organization, and the World Trade Organization
Armenia is also an observer member of the ASEAN Inter-Parliamentary Assembly, the Community of Democratic Choice, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Organization of American States, the Pacific Alliance,[2] the Arab League, the Community of Democracies,[3] a dialogue partner in the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, and a regional member of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.
Armenian genocide recognition
[edit]![](http://up.wiki.x.io/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Nations_recognising_the_Armenian_Genocide.svg/300px-Nations_recognising_the_Armenian_Genocide.svg.png)
As of 2024, 34 states have officially recognized the historical events as genocide. Parliaments of countries that recognize the Armenian genocide include Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, United States, Uruguay, Vatican City and Venezuela.[4] Additionally, some regional governments of countries recognize the Armenian genocide too, such as New South Wales and South Australia in Australia[5][6] as well as Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales in the United Kingdom.[7][8] US House Resolution 106 was introduced on 30 January 2007, and later referred to the House Committee on Foreign Affairs. The bill has 225 co-sponsors.[9] The bill called for former President George W. Bush to recognize and use the word genocide in his annual 24 April speech which he never used. His successor President Barack Obama expressed his desire to recognize the Armenian genocide during the electoral campaigns,[10] but after being elected, did not use the word "genocide" to describe the events that occurred in 1915.[11] The US House of Representatives formally recognized the Armenian genocide with House Resolution 296 on 29 October 2019.[12] The United States Senate unanimously recognized the genocide with Senate Resolution 150 on 12 December 2019.[13] In 2021, President Joe Biden became the first U.S. president to formally recognize the Armenian genocide.[14] As of 2022, all 50 U.S. states have also recognized the events as genocide.
Disputes
[edit]![]() | This section needs to be updated.(February 2023) |
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
[edit]Armenia provides political, material and military support to the Republic of Artsakh in the longstanding Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.
The current conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh began in 1988 when Armenian demonstrations against Azerbaijani rule broke out in Nagorno–Karabakh and later in Armenia. The Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast voted to secede from Azerbaijan and join Armenia. Soon, violence broke out against Armenians in Azerbaijan and Azeris in Armenia. In 1990, after violent episodes in Nagorno–Karabakh and Azerbaijani cities like Baku, Sumgait and Kirovabad, Moscow declared a state of emergency in Karabakh, sending troops to the region, and forcibly occupied Baku, killing over a hundred civilians. In April 1991, Azerbaijani militia and Soviet forces targeted Armenian populations in Karabakh, known as Operation Ring. Moscow also deployed troops to Yerevan. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, conflict escalated into a full-scale war between the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (supported by Armenia), and Azerbaijan. Military action was influenced by the Russian military, which manipulated the rivalry between the two neighbouring sides in order to keep both under control.[citation needed]
More than 30,000 people were killed in the fighting during the period of 1988 to 1994. In May 1992, Armenian forces seized Shusha and Lachin (thereby linking Nagorno-Karabakh to Armenia). By October 1993, Armenian forces succeeded in taking almost all of former NKAO, Lachin and large areas in southwestern Azerbaijan. In 1993, the UN Security Council adopted four resolutions calling for the cessation of hostilities, unimpeded access for international humanitarian relief efforts, and the eventual deployment of a peacekeeping force in the region. Fighting continued, however, until May 1994 at which time Russia brokered a cease-fire between the three sides.
Negotiations to resolve the conflict peacefully have been ongoing since 1992 under the Minsk Group of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. The Minsk Group is co-chaired by Russia, France, and the United States and has representation from Turkey, the U.S., several European nations, Armenia and Azerbaijan. Despite the 1994 cease-fire, sporadic violations, sniper-fire and land mine incidents continue to claim over 100 lives each year.[15][self-published source?]
Since 1997, the Minsk Group co-chairs have presented three proposals to serve as a framework for resolving the conflict. Each proposal was rejected. Beginning in 1999, the presidents of Azerbaijan and Armenia initiated a direct dialogue through a series of face-to-face meetings, often facilitated by the Minsk Group Co-Chairs. The OSCE sponsored a round of negotiations between the presidents in Key West, Florida. U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell launched the talks on 3 April 2001, and the negotiations continued with mediation by the U.S., Russia and France until 6 April 2001. The Co-Chairs are still continuing to work with the two presidents in the hope of finding lasting peace.
The two countries are still at war. Citizens of Armenia, as well as citizens of any other country who are of Armenian descent, are forbidden entry to Azerbaijan. If a person's passport shows evidence of travel to Nagorno–Karabakh, they are forbidden entry to Azerbaijan.[16][17]
In 2008, in what became known as the 2008 Mardakert Skirmishes, Armenian forces and Azerbaijan clashed over Nagorno-Karabakh. The fighting between the sides was brief, with few casualties on either side.[18]
The 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war and the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh were the latest escalations of the unresolved conflict.
Countries without diplomatic relations
[edit]Armenia does not have diplomatic relations with the following countries (organized by continent):
Africa
[edit]The Americas
[edit]Asia
[edit]Azerbaijan,
Pakistan (Pakistan is the only country in the world that does not recognize Armenia),
Turkey
Oceania
[edit]Armenia also has no diplomatic relations with states with limited recognition except for the now defunct Republic of Artsakh.
Countries with diplomatic relations
[edit]List of countries which Armenia maintains diplomatic relations with:
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# | Country | Date[19] |
1 | ![]() |
21 November 1991 |
2 | ![]() |
17 December 1991 |
3 | ![]() |
25 December 1991 |
4 | ![]() |
7 January 1992 |
5 | ![]() |
14 January 1992 |
6 | ![]() |
14 January 1992 |
7 | ![]() |
15 January 1992 |
8 | ![]() |
17 January 1992 |
9 | ![]() |
18 January 1992 |
10 | ![]() |
20 January 1992 |
11 | ![]() |
20 January 1992 |
12 | ![]() |
24 January 1992 |
13 | ![]() |
27 January 1992[20] |
14 | ![]() |
30 January 1992 |
15 | ![]() |
31 January 1992 |
16 | ![]() |
31 January 1992 |
17 | ![]() |
9 February 1992 |
18 | ![]() |
12 February 1992 |
19 | ![]() |
17 February 1992 |
20 | ![]() |
21 February 1992 |
21 | ![]() |
21 February 1992 |
22 | ![]() |
21 February 1992 |
23 | ![]() |
24 February 1992 |
24 | ![]() |
26 February 1992 |
25 | ![]() |
26 February 1992 |
26 | ![]() |
4 March 1992 |
27 | ![]() |
6 March 1992[21] |
28 | ![]() |
9 March 1992 |
29 | ![]() |
10 March 1992 |
30 | ![]() |
17 March 1992 |
31 | ![]() |
18 March 1992 |
32 | ![]() |
25 March 1992 |
33 | ![]() |
27 March 1992 |
34 | ![]() |
30 March 1992 |
35 | ![]() |
3 April 1992 |
36 | ![]() |
4 April 1992 |
37 | ![]() |
6 April 1992 |
38 | ![]() |
22 April 1992 |
39 | ![]() |
30 April 1992 |
40 | ![]() |
14 May 1992 |
41 | ![]() |
18 May 1992 |
42 | ![]() |
19 May 1992 |
43 | ![]() |
20 May 1992 |
— | ![]() |
23 May 1992 |
44 | ![]() |
25 May 1992 |
45 | ![]() |
27 May 1992 |
46 | ![]() |
28 May 1992 |
47 | ![]() |
29 May 1992 |
48 | ![]() |
5 June 1992 |
49 | ![]() |
6 June 1992 |
50 | ![]() |
11 June 1992 |
51 | ![]() |
23 June 1992 |
52 | ![]() |
26 June 1992 |
53 | ![]() |
30 June 1992 |
54 | ![]() |
1 July 1992 |
55 | ![]() |
2 July 1992 |
56 | ![]() |
7 July 1992 |
57 | ![]() |
7 July 1992 |
58 | ![]() |
10 July 1992 |
59 | ![]() |
14 July 1992 |
60 | ![]() |
17 July 1992 |
61 | ![]() |
27 July 1992 |
62 | ![]() |
22 August 1992 |
63 | ![]() |
23 August 1992 |
64 | ![]() |
27 August 1992 |
65 | ![]() |
27 August 1992 |
66 | ![]() |
31 August 1992 |
67 | ![]() |
3 September 1992 |
68 | ![]() |
7 September 1992 |
69 | ![]() |
9 September 1992 |
70 | ![]() |
14 September 1992 |
71 | ![]() |
22 September 1992 |
72 | ![]() |
9 October 1992 |
73 | ![]() |
21 October 1992 |
74 | ![]() |
11 November 1992 |
75 | ![]() |
8 December 1992 |
76 | ![]() |
30 December 1992 |
77 | ![]() |
9 January 1993[22] |
78 | ![]() |
14 January 1993 |
79 | ![]() |
4 February 1993 |
80 | ![]() |
18 February 1993 |
81 | ![]() |
26 February 1993 |
82 | ![]() |
11 March 1993 |
83 | ![]() |
26 March 1993 |
84 | ![]() |
15 April 1993 |
85 | ![]() |
14 May 1993 |
86 | ![]() |
27 May 1993 |
87 | ![]() |
12 June 1993 |
88 | ![]() |
25 June 1993 |
89 | ![]() |
13 July 1993 |
90 | ![]() |
7 October 1993 |
91 | ![]() |
30 October 1993 |
92 | ![]() |
2 December 1993 |
93 | ![]() |
21 February 1994 |
94 | ![]() |
9 March 1994 |
95 | ![]() |
27 June 1994 |
96 | ![]() |
6 July 1994 |
97 | ![]() |
8 July 1994 |
98 | ![]() |
8 July 1994 |
99 | ![]() |
3 October 1994 |
100 | ![]() |
16 October 1994 |
101 | ![]() |
22 December 1994 |
102 | ![]() |
9 January 1995 |
103 | ![]() |
26 May 1995 |
104 | ![]() |
13 September 1995 |
105 | ![]() |
27 October 1995 |
106 | ![]() |
1 December 1995 |
107 | ![]() |
18 June 1996 |
108 | ![]() |
28 June 1996 |
109 | ![]() |
8 July 1996[23] |
110 | ![]() |
5 September 1996 |
111 | ![]() |
25 October 1996 |
112 | ![]() |
8 April 1997 |
113 | ![]() |
15 May 1997 |
114 | ![]() |
20 May 1997 |
115 | ![]() |
29 July 1997 |
116 | ![]() |
5 November 1997 |
117 | ![]() |
21 April 1998 |
118 | ![]() |
13 May 1998 |
— | ![]() |
29 May 1998 |
119 | ![]() |
25 June 1998 |
120 | ![]() |
29 June 1998 |
121 | ![]() |
7 August 1998 |
122 | ![]() |
21 January 1999 |
123 | ![]() |
12 February 1999 |
124 | ![]() |
22 March 1999 |
125 | ![]() |
24 July 1999 |
126 | ![]() |
12 February 2000 |
127 | ![]() |
19 June 2000[24] |
128 | ![]() |
17 October 2000 |
129 | ![]() |
28 June 2001 |
130 | ![]() |
15 April 2002 |
131 | ![]() |
15 July 2002 |
132 | ![]() |
24 October 2003 |
133 | ![]() |
14 November 2003 |
134 | ![]() |
18 November 2003 |
135 | ![]() |
23 December 2003 |
136 | ![]() |
19 March 2004 |
137 | ![]() |
29 March 2004 |
138 | ![]() |
8 April 2004 |
139 | ![]() |
17 December 2004 |
140 | ![]() |
21 March 2006 |
141 | ![]() |
19 April 2006 |
142 | ![]() |
2 October 2006 |
143 | ![]() |
7 November 2006[25] |
144 | ![]() |
26 December 2006 |
145 | ![]() |
15 March 2007 |
146 | ![]() |
28 May 2007 |
147 | ![]() |
2 August 2007 |
148 | ![]() |
9 October 2007 |
149 | ![]() |
30 January 2008 |
150 | ![]() |
7 May 2008 |
151 | ![]() |
2 July 2008 |
152 | ![]() |
15 October 2008 |
153 | ![]() |
7 June 2010 |
154 | ![]() |
16 September 2011 |
155 | ![]() |
20 January 2012 |
156 | ![]() |
16 March 2012 |
157 | ![]() |
3 April 2012 |
158 | ![]() |
27 September 2012 |
159 | ![]() |
31 January 2013 |
160 | ![]() |
3 May 2013 |
161 | ![]() |
28 June 2013 |
162 | ![]() |
28 June 2013 |
163 | ![]() |
26 September 2013 |
164 | ![]() |
11 October 2015 |
165 | ![]() |
26 November 2016 |
166 | ![]() |
21 September 2017 |
167 | ![]() |
21 September 2017 |
168 | ![]() |
21 September 2017 |
169 | ![]() |
21 September 2017 |
170 | ![]() |
21 September 2017 |
171 | ![]() |
22 September 2017 |
172 | ![]() |
22 September 2017 |
173 | ![]() |
26 September 2018 |
174 | ![]() |
10 October 2018 |
175 | ![]() |
5 April 2019 |
176 | ![]() |
22 May 2019 |
177 | ![]() |
27 September 2019 |
178 | ![]() |
29 August 2023 |
179 | ![]() |
25 November 2023 |
180 | ![]() |
14 December 2023 |
Multilateral relations
[edit]Notes on some of Armenia's multilateral relations follow:
Organization | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
---|---|---|
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25 October 2010 | Armenia established diplomatic relations with the African Union on 25 October 2010.[26]
|
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2004 | Armenia was granted Observer Status in the Arab League in 2004 after a Syrian invitation.[27]
|
Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation | 1992 | See Armenia–BSEC relations
|
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1994 |
|
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2001 | See Armenia in the Council of Europe
|
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2015 | See Member states of the Eurasian Economic Union and Enlargement of the Eurasian Economic Union
|
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1991 | See Armenia–European Union relations and Potential enlargement of the European Union
|
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1992 | See Armenia–NATO relations
|
Bilateral relations
[edit]Notes on some of Armenia's bilateral relations follow (organized by continent):
Africa
[edit]Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
---|---|---|
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30 December 1992 | See Algeria–Armenia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 December 1992.[30] |
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3 October 1994 | See Angola–Armenia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 October 1994.[31] |
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2 August 2007 | See Armenia–Benin relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 August 2007.[31] |
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14 December 2023 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 December 2023.[32] |
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16 November 1992 | See Armenia–Burkina Faso relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 November 1992.[31] |
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28 May 1992 | See Armenia–Burundi relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 May 1992.[33] |
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28 May 2007 | See Armenia–Cameroon relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 May 2007.[31] |
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26 February 2007 | See Armenia–Cape Verde relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 February 2007.[31] |
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September 2017 | See Armenia–Central African Republic relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[34] |
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26 December 2006 | See Armenia–Chad relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 December 2006.[31] |
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3 July 2008 | See Armenia–Comoros relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 July 2008.[35] |
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15 March 2007 | See Armenia–Congo relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 March 2007.[36] |
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13 May 1998 | See Armenia–Côte d'Ivoire relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 May 1998.[31] |
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10 November 2015 | See Armenia–Democratic Republic of Congo relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 November 2015.[37] |
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22 May 2019 | See Armenia–Djibouti relations
In October 2015, both countries Foreign Ministers met to discuss establishing diplomatic relations and possible ways of developing bilateral ties.[38] Both countries officially established diplomatic relations on 22 May 2019 at the United Nations.[39] |
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March 1992 | See Armenia–Egypt relations
|
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19 May 1992 | See Armenia–Equatorial Guinea relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 May 1992.[40] |
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16 October 1994 | See Armenia–Eritrea relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 October 1994.[41] |
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3 May 2013 | See Armenia–Eswatini relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 May 2013.[42] |
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2 December 1993 | See Armenia–Ethiopia relations
|
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9 March 1994 | See Armenia–Gabon relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 March 1994.[31] |
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9 October 2018 | See Armenia–Gambia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 October 2018.[45] |
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29 May 1992 | See Armenia–Ghana relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 May 1992.[31] |
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1992 | See Armenia–Guinea relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1992.[31] |
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3 September 1992 | See Armenia–Guinea-Bissau relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 September 1992.[31] |
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13 July 1993 | See Armenia–Kenya relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 July 1993.[46] |
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21 September 2017 | See Armenia–Liberia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[47] |
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2000 | See Armenia–Libya relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in the year 2000.[48] |
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25 June 1993 | See Armenia–Madagascar relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Madagascar were established on 25 June 1993.[49] |
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20 January 2012 | See Armenia–Malawi relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 January 2012.[50] |
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21 February 1994 | See Armenia–Mali relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 February 1994.[51] |
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30 January 2008 | See Armenia–Mauritania relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 January 2008.[52] |
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28 June 2013 | See Armenia–Mauritius relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Mauritius were established on 28 June 2013.[53] |
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June 1992 | See Armenia–Morocco relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in June 1992.[54]
|
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13 September 1995 | See Armenia–Mozambique relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 September 1995.[31] |
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2 October 2006 | See Armenia–Namibia relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Namibia were established on 2 October 2006.[55] |
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26 November 2016 | See Armenia–Niger relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Niger were established on 26 November 2016.[56] |
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4 February 1993 | See Armenia–Nigeria relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 February 1993.[57] |
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2004 | See Armenia–Rwanda relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in 2004.[31] |
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There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and the partially recognized Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. | |
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See Armenia–São Tomé and Príncipe relations
There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and São Tomé and Príncipe. | |
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8 April 2004 | See Armenia–Senegal relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 April 2004.[58]
|
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19 April 2006 | See Armenia–Seychelles relations
Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 19 April 2006.[59] |
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22 March 2004 | See Armenia–Sierra Leone relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 March 2004.[60] |
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2001 | See Armenia–Somalia relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Somalia were established on 28 June 2001.[61] |
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1993 | See Armenia–South Africa relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and South Africa were established on 23 June 1993.[62] |
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See Armenia–South Sudan relations
Armenia and South Sudan have not yet established diplomatic relations, however the Foreign Minister of Armenia stated that Armenia recognizes the Republic of South Sudan as an independent state on 9 July 2011.[64] | |
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8 December 1992 | See Armenia–Sudan relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 December 1992.[65]
|
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1992 | See Armenia–Tanzania relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1992.[66] |
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14 November 2013 | See Armenia–Togo relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 November 2013.[67] |
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15 July 2002 | See Armenia–Tunisia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 July 2002.[68] |
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28 June 2013 | See Armenia–Uganda relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 June 2013.[69] |
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1993 | See Armenia–Zambia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1993.[70] |
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1992 | See Armenia–Zimbabwe relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1992.[71] |
The Americas
[edit]Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
---|---|---|
![]() |
14 May 1993 | See Antigua and Barbuda–Armenia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 May 1993.[72] |
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17 January 1992 | See Argentina–Armenia relations
|
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21 September 2017 | See Armenia–Bahamas relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[73] |
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See Armenia–Barbados relations
There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Barbados. | |
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12 February 1999 | See Armenia–Belize relations
Both countries established diplomatic relation on 12 February 1999.[74] |
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27 July 1992 | See Armenia–Bolivia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 July 1992.[31]
|
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17 February 1992 | See Armenia–Brazil relations
|
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31 January 1992 | See also Armenia–Canada relations, Embassy of Armenia in Ottawa, Armenian Canadian
|
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15 April 1993 | See Armenia–Chile relations
Chile recognized the Armenian genocide on 14 September 2007.[78][79][80] |
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22 December 1994 | See Armenia–Colombia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 December 1994.[81]
|
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8 April 1997 | See Armenia–Costa Rica relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 April 1997.[31] |
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27 March 1992 | See Armenia–Cuba relations |
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8 April 2019 | See Armenia–Dominica relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 April 2019.[84][85][86][87][88][89] |
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9 October 2007 | See Armenia–Dominican Republic relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 October 2007.[90] |
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20 May 1997 | See Armenia–Ecuador relations
|
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22 March 1999 | See Armenia–El Salvador relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 March 1999.[31] |
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29 June 1998 | See Armenia–Guatemala relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 June 1998.[92] |
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24 October 2003 | See Armenia–Guyana relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 October 2003.[93] |
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14 January 1992 | See Armenia–Greenland relations
Armenia maintains relations with Greenland via Denmark, established on 14 January 1992.[94] |
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3 April 2012 | See Armenia–Grenada relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 April. 2012.[95] |
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21 January 1999 | See Armenia–Haiti relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 January 1999.[96] |
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16 September 2011 | See Armenia–Honduras relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 September 2011.[31] |
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1 December 1995 | See Armenia–Jamaica relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 December 1995.[31] |
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14 January 1992[97] | See Armenia–Mexico relations
|
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6 July 1994 | See Armenia–Nicaragua relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 July 1994.[103] |
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7 August 1998 | See Armenia–Panama relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 August 1998.[104] |
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2 July 1992 | See Armenia–Paraguay relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 July. 1992.[105]
|
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20 April 1992[97] | See Armenia–Peru relations
|
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17 October 2000 | See Armenia–Saint Lucia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 October 2000.[31] |
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21 September 2017 | See Armenia–Saint Kitts and Nevis relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[106] |
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17 December 2004 | See Armenia–Saint Vincent and the Grenadines relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 December 2004.[31] |
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24 July 1999 | See Armenia–Suriname relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 July 1999.[31] |
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29 August 2023 | See Armenia–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 August 2023. |
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1920 & 1991 | See Armenia–United States relations
The dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991 brought an end to the Cold War and created the opportunity for bilateral relations with the New Independent States (NIS) as they began a political and economic transformation. The U.S. recognized the independence of Armenia on 25 December 1991, and opened an embassy in Yerevan in February 1992.
|
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27 May 1992 | See Armenia–Uruguay relations
|
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30 October 1993[97] | See Armenia–Venezuela relations
|
Asia
[edit]Country | Formal relations began | Notes |
---|---|---|
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5 September 1996 | See Afghanistan–Armenia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 September 1996.[110] |
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No diplomatic relations | See Armenia–Azerbaijan relations, First Nagorno-Karabakh War, Sumgait pogrom, Baku pogrom, Maraga massacre, Khachkar destruction in Nakhichevan, Second Nagorno-Karabakh War
The two nations have fought two wars in 1918–20 (Armenian–Azerbaijani War) and in the 1988–94 (Nagorno-Karabakh War), in the past century, with last one ended with provisional cease fire agreement signed in Bishkek. There are no formal diplomatic relations between the two countries, because of the ongoing Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and dispute. During the Soviet period, many Armenians and Azeris lived in relative peace under the Soviet iron fist. However, when Mikhail Gorbachev introduced the policies of Glasnost and Perestroika, the majority of Armenians from the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (NKAO) of the Azerbaijan SSR began a movement to unify with the Armenian SSR. In 1988, the Armenians of Karabakh voted to secede and join Armenia. This, along with sporadic massacres in Azerbaijan against Armenians resulted in the conflict that became known as the Nagorno-Karabakh War. The violence resulted in de facto Armenian control of former NKAO and seven surrounding Azerbaijani regions which was effectively halted when the three sides agreed to observe a cease-fire which has been in effect since May 1994, and in late 1995 the sides also agreed to mediation of the OSCE Minsk Group. The Minsk Group is co-chaired by the U.S., France and Russia, and comprises Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkey and several Western European nations. Despite the cease fire, up to 40 clashes are reported along the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict lines of control each year.[citation needed] The sides are still technically at war. Citizens of Armenia, as well as citizens of any other country who are of Armenian descent, are forbidden entry to the Republic of Azerbaijan. If a person's passport shows any evidence of travel to Nagorno-Karabakh, they are forbidden to enter the Republic of Azerbaijan. In 2008, in what became known as the 2008 Mardakert Skirmishes, Armenia and Azerbaijan clashed over Nagorno-Karabakh. The fighting between the three sides was brief, with few casualties on either side. The Second Nagorno-Karabakh War in 2020, the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh, and the ongoing Armenia-Azerbaijan border crisis have further deteriorated relations and heightened tension between the two nations. |
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October 1996 | See Armenia–Bahrain relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in October 1996.[111] |
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11 November 1992 | See Armenia–Bangladesh relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 November 1992.[112]
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27 September 2012 | See Armenia–Bhutan relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 September 2012. |
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15 April 2012 | See Armenia–Brunei Darussalam relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 April 2012.[111] |
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14 May 1992 | See Armenia–Cambodia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 May 1992.[111] |
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6 April 1992 | See Armenia–China relations
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23 December 2003 | See Armenia–East Timor relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 December 2003.[115] |
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17 July 1992 | See Armenia–Georgia relations
Armenians and Georgians have a lot in common. Both are ancient Christian civilizations with their own distinct alphabets. Both use the terms "Apostolic" and "Orthodox" in the full titles of their respective churches. They also use the term "Catholicos" to refer to their church patriarchs. Despite all this, however, Armenians and Georgians have tended to have a tenuous relationship (at times, sharing close bonds while at other times regarding each other as rivals). Today, relations with Georgia are of particular importance for Armenia because, under the economic blockade imposed by Turkey and Azerbaijan due to the ongoing Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Georgia offers Armenia its only land connection with Europe and access to its Black Sea ports. However, because of Armenia's reliance on Russia and Georgia, both of whom fought the 2008 South Ossetia war and severed diplomatic and economic relations as a result; and as 70% of Armenia's imports entered via Georgia especially from Russia which has imposed an economic blockade on Georgia, Armenia also has been indirectly affected from this blockade as well. The development of close relations between Turkey and Georgia (such as the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline and South Caucasus natural gas pipeline) have also weighed on the mutual relations. For example, on 20 March 2006, Georgian Ambassador to Armenia Revaz Gachechiladze stated,However, Armenian-Georgian relations have begun to improve. On 10 May 2006, Armenia and Georgia agreed on the greater part of the lines of the state border between the two countries. The Javakheti region in southern Georgia contains a large Armenian population and although there have been local civic organizations (such as United Javakhk) pushing for autonomy, there has been no violence between Armenians and Georgians in the area. |
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31 August 1992 | See Armenia–India relations
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22 September 1992 | See Armenia–Indonesia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 September 1992.[118]
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9 February 1992 | See Armenia–Iran relations
Despite religious and ideological differences, relations between Armenia and the Islamic Republic of Iran remain cordial and Armenia and Iran are strategic partners in the region. Armenia and Iran enjoy cultural and historical ties that go back thousands of years. There are no border disputes between the two countries and the Christian Armenian minority in Iran enjoys official recognition. Of special importance is the cooperation in the field of energy security which lowers Armenia's dependence on Russia and can in the future also supply Iranian gas to Europe through Georgia and the Black Sea.
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2000 | See Armenia–Iraq relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in the year 2000[120]
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4 April 1992 | See Armenia–Israel relations
Since independence, Armenia has received support from Israel. While both countries have diplomatic relations, neither maintained an embassy in the other country, until Armenia opened an embassy in Tel-Aviv in 2020. Ehude Moshe Eytam, the Israeli ambassador to Armenia is based in Tbilisi, Georgia, and visits Yerevan twice a month. Israel has recognized 24 Armenians as Righteous Among the Nations for risking their lives to save Jews during the Holocaust.
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7 September 1992 | See Armenia–Japan relations
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18 June 1996 | See Armenia–Jordan relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 June 1996.[121]
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27 August 1992 | See Armenia–Kazakhstan relations
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1994 | See Armenia–Kuwait relations
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1993 | See Armenia–Kyrgyzstan relations
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1998 | See Armenia–Laos relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 April 1998.[126] |
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4 March 1992 | See Armenia–Lebanon relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Lebanon were established on 4 March 1992. Armenian-Lebanese relations are very friendly. Lebanon is host to the eighth largest Armenian population in the world with around 160,000 Armenians in the country. Lebanon is the only member of the Arab League, much less of the Middle East and the Islamic World that recognizes the Armenian genocide. During the 2006 Lebanon War, Armenia announced that it would send humanitarian aid to Lebanon. According to the Armenian government, an unspecified amount of medicines, tents and fire-fighting equipment was allocated to Lebanese authorities on 27 July 2006.[127][128] In September 2009 Mr. Ashot Kocharian was appointed the Ambassador of Armenia in Lebanon. On 18 April 2013, the newly appointed Ambassador of Lebanon to Armenia Mr. Jean Makaron presented his credentials to the President of Armenia. On 4 March 2016, Mr. Samvel Mkrtchyan was appointed the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Armenia to the Lebanese Republic.
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11 March 1993 | See Armenia–Malaysia relations
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1995 | See Armenia–Maldives relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 January 1995.[129] |
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1992 | See Armenia–Mongolia relations |
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31 January 2013 | See Armenia–Myanmar relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 January 2013.[131] |
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26 March 1993 | See Armenia–Nepal relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 March 1993.[132] |
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13 February 1992[133] | See Armenia–North Korea relations
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July 1992 | See Armenia–Oman relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in July 1992.[134]
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See Armenia–Pakistan relations
Armenia-Pakistan relations are poor owing to disagreements between the two countries. The main issue is the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Pakistan is a major supporter of Azerbaijan in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Pakistan also does not recognize Armenia despite Armenia recognizing Pakistan. Pakistan does not recognize the Armenian genocide and maintains that during the war large number of Armenians and Muslims were killed. Armenia also has friendly relations with India, which Pakistan heavily opposes. | |
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See Armenia–Palestine relations
There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Palestine. However, on 21 June 2024, the Armenian government recognized the State of Palestine. | |
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20 May 1992 | See Armenia–Philippines relations
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5 November 1997 | See Armenia–Qatar relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 November 1997.[111]
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25 November 2023[135] | See Armenia–Saudi Arabia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 November 2023.[136]
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1 July 1992 | See Armenia–Singapore relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 July 1992.[137] |
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21 February 1992[138] | See Armenia–South Korea relations
The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Armenia and the Republic of Korea began on 21 February 1992.
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12 February 1992 | See Armenia–Sri Lanka relations
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1992 | See Armenia–Syria relations
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1992 | See Armenia–Tajikistan relations
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1992 | See Armenia–Thailand relations |
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No formal diplomatic relations | See Armenia–Turkey relations
Turkey was one of the first countries to recognize Armenia's independence in 1991. Despite this, for most of the 20th century and early 21st century, relations remain tense and there are no formal diplomatic relations between the two countries for numerous reasons. Some bones of contention include the unresolved Karabakh conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan (which has resulted in Turkey imposing a blockade on Armenia that is still in effect today), the treatment of Armenians in Turkey, the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline, and the Armenian claim of Turkey's holding of historic Armenian lands[citation needed][dubious – discuss] (ceded to them in the Treaty of Kars, a treaty which Armenia refuses to recognize to this day since it was signed between the Soviet Union and Turkey, and not between Armenia and Turkey proper). At the forefront of all disputes, however, is the issue surrounding the Armenian Genocide. The killing and deportation of between one and one-and-a-half million Armenians from the Ottoman Empire orchestrated by the Young Turks is a taboo subject in Turkey itself as the Turkish government refuses to acknowledge that a genocide ever happened. However, since Turkey has become a candidate to join the European Union, limited discussion of the event is now taking place in Turkey. Some in the European Parliament have even suggested that one of the provisions for Turkey to join the E.U. should be the full recognition of the event as genocide. On 5 June 2005, Armenian President Robert Kocharian announced that he was ready to "continue dialogue with Azerbaijan for the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and with Turkey on establishing relations without any preconditions."[149] Armenia has also stated that as a legal successor to the Armenian SSR, it is loyal to the Treaty of Kars and all agreements inherited by the former Soviet Armenian government.[150] Yet Turkey continues to lay preconditions on relations, insisting that Armenia abandon its efforts to have the Genocide recognized, which official Yerevan is not willing to do. In the wake of the 2008 South Ossetia war between Georgia and Russia, Armenia and Turkey have shown signs of an inclination to reconsider their relationship. According to The Economist magazine, 70% of Armenia's imports enter via Georgia. Because of the apparently belligerent posture of the Russian state, economic ties with Turkey appear especially attractive.[151] It is estimated that around 70,000 Armenians live in Turkey today, down from nearly 2 million before the start of the Armenian genocide in 1915. See Armenians in Turkey. |
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1992 | See Armenia–Turkmenistan relations
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25 June 1998 | See Armenia–United Arab Emirates relations
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25 June 1995 | See Armenia–Uzbekistan relations
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14 July 1992 | See Armenia–Vietnam relations |
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26 May 1995 | See Armenia–Yemen relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 May 1995.[160] |
Europe
[edit]Country | Formal relations began | Notes |
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18 February 1993 | See Albania–Armenia relations
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18 November 2003 | See Andorra–Armenia relations
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24 January 1992 | See Armenia–Austria relations
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12 June 1993 | See Armenia–Belarus relations
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10 March 1992 | See Armenia–Belgium relations
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29 July 1997 | See Armenia–Bosnia and Herzegovina relations
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18 January 1992 | See Armenia–Bulgaria relations
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8 July 1994 | See Armenia–Croatia relations
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18 March 1992 | See Armenia–Cyprus relations
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30 March 1992 | See Armenia–Czech Republic relations
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14 January 1992 | See Armenia–Denmark relations
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23 August 1992 | See Armenia–Estonia relations
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25 March 1992 | See Armenia–Finland relations
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24 February 1992 | See Armenia–France relations
Franco-Armenian relations have existed since the French and the Armenians established contact in the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia and are close to this day. 2006 was proclaimed the Year of Armenia in France.
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January 1992 | See Armenia–Germany relations
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20 January 1992 | See Armenia–Greece relations
Greece was one of the first countries to recognize Armenia's independence on 21 September 1991, and one of those that have officially recognized the Armenian Genocide. Since the independence of Armenia the two countries have been partners within the framework of international organizations (United Nations, OSCE, Council of Europe, BSEC), whilst Greece firmly supports the community programs aimed at further developing relations between the EU and Armenia. Continuous visits of the highest level have shown that both countries want to continue to improve the levels of friendship and cooperation (Visit by the President of Armenia Levon Ter-Petrossian to Greece in 1996, visit by the President of the Hellenic Republic Costis Stephanopoulos in 1999, visit by the President of Armenia Robert Kocharyan to Greece in 2000 and 2005 and visit by Greek president Karolos Papoulias to Armenia in June 2007). Greece is, after Russia, the major military partner of Armenia. Armenian officers are trained in Greek military academies, and various technical assistance is supplied by Greece. Since 2003, an Armenian platoon has been deployed in Kosovo as part of KFOR, where they operate as a part of the Greek battalion of KFOR. It is estimated that around 80,000 Armenians live in Greece.
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23 May 1992 | See Armenia–Holy See relations
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26 February 1992 |
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1995 | See Armenia–Iceland relations
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13 June 1996 | See Armenia–Ireland relations
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12 May 1993 | See Armenia–Italy relations
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See Armenia–Kosovo relations
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22 August 1992 | See Armenia–Latvia relations
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7 May 2008 | See Armenia–Liechtenstein relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 May 2008. |
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21 November 1991 | See Armenia–Lithuania relations
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11 June 1992 | See Armenia–Luxembourg relations
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27 May 1993 | See Armenia–Malta relations
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May 1992 | See Armenia–Moldova relations
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Oct 2008 | See Armenia–Monaco relations
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7 November 2006 | See Armenia–Montenegro relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 November 2006.
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30 January 1992 | See Armenia–Netherlands relations and Armenians in the Netherlands
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27 April 1993[171] | See Armenia–North Macedonia relations
Both countries established relations on 27 April 1993. |
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5 June 1992 | See Armenia–Norway relations
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26 February 1992 | See Armenia–Poland relations
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25 May 1992 | See Armenia–Portugal relations
One of the most notable Armenians who resided in Portugal was Calouste Gulbenkian. He was a wealthy Armenian businessman and philanthropist, who made Lisbon the headquarters for his businesses. He established the international charity, the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation in Lisbon. He also founded the Museu Calouste Gulbenkian in Lisbon.[174][175] |
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17 November 1991 | See Armenia–Romania relations
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3 April 1992 | See Armenia–Russia relations
Armenia's most notable recent foreign policy success came with 29 August treaty with Russia on friendship, cooperation and mutual assistance, in which Moscow committed itself to the defense of Armenia should it be attacked by a third party. Russia is the key regional security player, and has proved a valuable historical ally for Armenia. Although it appeared as a response to Aliyev's US trip, the treaty had probably long been under development. However, it is clear from the wider context of Armenian foreign policy that—while Yerevan welcomes the Russian security guarantee—the country does not want to rely exclusively on Moscow, nor to become part of a confrontation between Russian and US-led alliances in the Transcaucasus.
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21 March 2006 | See Armenia–San Marino relations
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14 January 1993 | See Armenia–Serbia relations
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14 January 1993 | See Armenia–Slovakia relations
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27 June 1994 | See Armenia–Slovenia relations
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29 May 1998 | See Armenia–Sovereign Military Order of Malta relations
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27 January 1992 | See Armenia–Spain relations
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10 July 1992 | See Armenia–Sweden relations
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23 December 1991 | See Armenia–Switzerland relations
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25 December 1992 | See Armenia–Ukraine relations
Armenian–Ukrainian relations have lasted for centuries and today are cordial. Relations between Armenia and Ukraine have deflated since Armenia recognized the disputed referendum in Crimea and its subsequent annexation by Russia, and Ukraine has withdrawn its ambassador to Armenia for consultations. The Ukrainian government has asserted that this is temporary and that diplomatic relations between the two states shall indeed continue.[185] |
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20 January 1992 | See Armenia–United Kingdom relations
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Oceania
[edit]Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
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15 January 1992 | See Armenia–Australia relations
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7 June 2010 | See Armenia–Fiji relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 June 2010.[189] |
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26 September 2018 | See Armenia–Kiribati relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 2018.[190] |
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See Armenia–Marshall Islands relations
There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and the Marshall Islands. | |
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21 September 2017 | See Armenia–Micronesia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[191] |
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22 September 2017 | See Armenia–Nauru relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 September 2017.[192] |
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6 June 1992 | See Armenia–New Zealand relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 June 1992.[193]
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21 September 2017 | See Armenia–Palau relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[191] |
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See Armenia–Papua New Guinea relations
There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Papua New Guinea. | |
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See Armenia–Samoa relations
There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Samoa. | |
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See Armenia–Solomon Islands relations
There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Solomon Islands. | |
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16 March 2012 | See Armenia–Tuvalu relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 March 2012.[194] |
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26 September 2013 | See Armenia–Vanuatu relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 2013.[195] |
Other international organizations
[edit]Armenia is additionally a full member, unless otherwise noted, in the following international organizations, programs and treaties:
- Ancient Civilizations Forum
- Artemis Accords
- Assembly of European Regions
- Berne Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats
- Black Sea Trade and Development Bank
- Bologna Process
- British Council
- Commonwealth of Independent States Free Trade Area
- Energy Charter Treaty
- Eurasian Patent Organization
- Eurimages
- European Athletic Association
- European Atomic Energy Community (Cooperation agreement)
- European Audiovisual Observatory
- European Aviation Safety Agency (Pan-European Partner)
- European Broadcasting Union
- European Civil Aviation Conference
- European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
- European Committee for Standardization (Affiliate member)
- European Common Aviation Area
- European Convention for the Prevention of Torture
- European Cooperation in Science and Technology
- European Court of Human Rights and the European Convention on Human Rights
- European Cultural Convention
- European Higher Education Area
- European Neighbourhood Policy
- European Olympic Committees
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (Cooperation agreement)[196]
- European Social Charter
- European Telecommunications Satellite Organization
- European University Association
- FIFA and UEFA
- Food and Agriculture Organization
- Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
- Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe
- ICRANet
- International Atomic Energy Agency
- International Chamber of Commerce
- International Civil Aviation Organization
- International Committee of the Red Cross
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
- International Criminal Court (Signatory)
- International Development Association
- International Finance Corporation
- International Labour Organization
- International Olympic Committee
- International Organization for Migration
- International Organization for Standardization
- International Renewable Energy Agency
- International Road Transport Union and the TIR Convention
- International Solar Alliance
- International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
- International Telecommunication Union
- International Union of Railways (Associate member)
- Interparliamentary Assembly on Orthodoxy
- Inter-Parliamentary Union
- Intra-European Organisation of Tax Administrations
- Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
- Open Government Partnership
- Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
- Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe
- PostEurop
- Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation
- UNESCO
- United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space
- United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
- United Nations Development Programme
- United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
- United Nations Industrial Development Organization
- Universal Postal Union
- U.S. European Command State Partnership Program
- Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe
- Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
- Venice Commission
- Warsaw Declaration
- World Health Organization
- World Intellectual Property Organization
- World Meteorological Organization
- World Peace Council
- World Tourism Organization
See also
[edit]- Armenia and the United Nations
- Armenia–BSEC relations
- Armenia in the Council of Europe
- Armenia–European Union relations
- Armenia–NATO relations
- Armenia–OSCE relations
- Armenian diaspora
- Armenian population by urban area
- Euronest Parliamentary Assembly
- Foreign relations of Artsakh
- List of ambassadors of Armenia
- List of diplomatic missions in Armenia
- List of diplomatic missions of Armenia
- List of ministers of foreign affairs of Armenia
- Politics of Europe
- Visa policy of Armenia
- Visa requirements for Armenian citizens
Footnotes
[edit]- ^ – "Armenian Foreign Policy Between Russia, Iran And U.S." – 29 March 2010 Archived 24 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Armenia granted observer status at Pacific Alliance". armenpress.am. Archived from the original on 30 September 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
- ^ "Secretary General's meeting with Ambassador of Armenia to Poland – CoD". Archived from the original on 20 March 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
- ^ "Resolutions, Laws, and Declarations". armenian-genocide.org. Archived from the original on 2 November 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
- ^ Hairenik (25 March 2009). "South Australia Passes Armenian Genocide Motion". Armenian Weekly. Archived from the original on 15 December 2017. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
- ^ "Armenian Genocide Commemoration – 17/04/1997 – NSW Parliament". 19 January 2012. Archived from the original on 19 January 2012. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Scotland, North Ireland and Wales recognize Armenian Genocide". news.am. Archived from the original on 28 November 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
- ^ "Parliament of Scotland passes motion on Armenian Genocide". news.am. Archived from the original on 28 November 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
- ^ "The top news headlines on current events from Yahoo! News". 27 September 2007. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007.
- ^ hyebiz (30 January 2008). Sen. Barack Obama Discusses Armenian Genocide ... Archived from the original on 22 November 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2016 – via YouTube.
- ^ "Recognize the Armenian genocide". PolitiFact. Archived from the original on 9 December 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
- ^ "US House votes to recognize Armenian genocide". BBC. 30 October 2019. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
- ^ Menendez, Robert (9 April 2019). "S.Res.150 – 116th Congress (2019–2020): A resolution expressing the sense of the Senate that it is the policy of the United States to commemorate the Armenian genocide through official recognition and remembrance". congress.gov. Archived from the original on 20 November 2020. Retrieved 12 December 2019.
- ^ "Statement by President Joe Biden on Armenian Remembrance Day". The White House. 24 April 2021. Archived from the original on 24 April 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2022.
- ^ Azerbaijan Business and Investment Opportunities Yearbook Volume 1 Strategic, Practical Information and Opportunities. IBP Inc. 14 April 2016. ISBN 978-1-4387-7619-4. Archived from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2020.[self-published source]
- ^ "Azerbaijan Country Page of the NCSJ (advocates on behalf of Jews in Russia, Ukraine, the Baltic States & Eurasia) accessed 23 May 2010". Archived from the original on 8 March 2009. Retrieved 26 May 2010.
- ^ "Azerbaijan doesn't allow Armenians in the country". PanARMENIAN.Net. Archived from the original on 13 July 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
- ^ "Azerbaijani president: Armenians are guests in Yerevan". REGNUM News Agency. 17 January 2008. Archived from the original on 12 June 2009. Retrieved 21 April 2010.
- ^ "Bilateral relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia. Archived from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2023.
- ^ "Ficha de paises y territorios" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 12 August 2022. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
- ^ "30th anniversary of establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Armenia and the Syrian Arab Republic". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia. Archived from the original on 18 May 2023. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
- ^ "Список стран, с которыми КР установил дипломатические отношения" (in Russian). Archived from the original on 9 October 2020. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
- ^ "Bilateral relations - Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Croatia. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 5 February 2022.
- ^ Jamahiriya, Libyan Arab (19 June 2000). "Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Libyan Arab Jamahiriya as of 19 June 2000". United Nations Digital Library. Archived from the original on 12 January 2024. Retrieved 24 August 2023.
- ^ "Tabela priznanja i uspostavljanja diplomatskih odnosa". Montenegro Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration. Archived from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
- ^ "Armenia, African Union to develop relations". PanArmenian.net. Archived from the original on 31 March 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
- ^ "Observer status for Armenia in the Arab League". azad-hye.Blogspot.ca. 19 January 2005. Archived from the original on 21 April 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
- ^ "Armenia, Arab League sign memo on mutual understanding". ArmenianDiaspora.com. 20 January 2005. Archived from the original on 21 April 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
- ^ "JOINT MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on closer ties between the EU and Armenia and the need for a peace agreement between Azerbaijan and Armenia | RC-B9-0163/2024 | European Parliament". www.europarl.europa.eu.
- ^ LLC, Helix Consulting. "Algeria – Bilateral Relations – Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia". MFA.am. Archived from the original on 28 February 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u LLC, Helix Consulting. "Bolivia – Bilateral Relations – Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia". MFA.am. Archived from the original on 27 December 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations established between Armenia and Botswana". 14 December 2023. Archived from the original on 14 December 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
- ^ LLC, Helix Consulting. "Burundi – Bilateral Relations – Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia". mfa.am. Archived from the original on 15 August 2011. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
- ^ LLC, Helix Consulting. "Armenia establishes diplomatic relations with five countries". panorama.am. Archived from the original on 9 March 2018. Retrieved 8 March 2018.
- ^ "Diplomatic Relations Established Between Republic of Armenia and Union of Comoros". armenpress.am. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
- ^ LLC, Helix Consulting. "Congo – Bilateral Relations – Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia". mfa.am. Archived from the original on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
- ^ LLC, Helix Consulting. "Meeting of Foreign Ministers of Armenia and Democratic Republic of Congo – Press Releases – Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia". mfa.am. Archived from the original on 1 April 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
- ^ "Armenia and Djibouti plan to develop relations". news.am. Archived from the original on 19 April 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
- ^ "Armenia, Djibouti establish diplomatic relations". armenpress.am. Archived from the original on 23 May 2019. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
- ^ LLC, Helix Consulting. "Equatorial Guinea – Bilateral Relations – Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia". mfa.am. Archived from the original on 4 April 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
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References
[edit]This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook. CIA.
This article incorporates public domain material from U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets. United States Department of State.
External links
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- Argentina
- List of Treaties ruling the relations Argentina and Armenia (Argentine Foreign Ministry, in Spanish)
- Canada
- Armenian embassy in Ottawa
- Canadian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade about relations with Armenian
- Chile
- Sassounian, Harut (16 June 2007). "Chile Proves Genocide Recognition is Based on Truth, Not Lobbying". Vol. 73, no. 24. Armenian Weekly.
- Chilean Senate: recognition of the Armenian genocide (in Spanish only) Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
- Czech
- Armenian embassy in London
- British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about relations with Armenia *British embassy in Yerevan
- Denmark
- NATO
- Iskandaryan, Alexander:"NATO and Armenia: A Long Game of Complementarism" in the Caucasus Analytical Digest No. 5
- International
- Khachatrian, Haroutiun: "Foreign Investments in Armenia: Influence of the Crisis and Other Peculiarities" in the Caucasus Analytical Digest No. 28